基于正交试验的某冶炼渣中银的综合回收研究

Study on the Comprehensive Recovery of Silver from a Smelting Slag by Orthogonal Test

为研究不同药剂对冶炼渣中银浸出率的影响,采用正交试验方法对某冶炼渣进行了浸出试验,并通过极差分析和方差分析对试验结果进行了处理,结果表明:氢氧化钠用量为最显著的影响因素,醋酸铅用量、碳酸氢铵用量和碳酸钠用量为显著因素,氰化钠用量为不显著影响因素。银的最优浸出药剂条件为:氢氧化钠用量为1.0kg/t,碳酸氢铵用量为2.00kg/t,碳酸钠用量为12.00kg/t,醋酸铅用量为1.00kg/t,30%氰化钠用量为6.00mL/t。在此条件下,可获得银浸出率为46.77%的较好指标,并且验证试验结果与预测结果高度一致。研究对从冶炼渣中综合回收银有一定的参考意义。

In order to research the influences of different reagents on the silver leaching rate from a smelting slag, the leaching experiments on a smelting slag were conducted by orthogonal test. Meanwhile, the test results were studied through range anal- ysis and variance analysis. The results showed that the dosage of sodium hydroxide had the most significant effect, the dosages of lead acetate, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate had a significant effect, and the dosage of sodium cyanide presen- ted an unobvious effect. The optimal leaching conditions of silver included that the dosage of sodium hydroxide was 1.00 kg/t, the dosage of ammonium bicarbonate was 2.00 kg/t, the dosage of sodium carbonate was 12.00 kg/t, the dosage of lead acetate was 1.00 kg/t and the 30% of dosage of sodium hydroxide was 6.00 mL/t. Under above conditions, the silver leaching rate could reach to 46.77%, and the test results were consistent with the predicted results. The study had a certain reference value for comprehensive recovery of silver from a smelting slag.