谷氨酰胺在肿瘤中异常代谢的研究进展

Progress in abnormal metabolism of glutamine in cancer

代谢异常已成为肿瘤细胞的一项重要特征,谷氨酰胺的异常代谢是其中的一个重要组成部分。谷氨酰胺代谢的限制已被证明可以有效地抑制肿瘤细胞的生长和增殖。谷氨酰胺可以为快速增长的肿瘤细胞提供能量,为细胞内各种生物大分子如氨基酸、蛋白质、脂质和核苷酸等的合成提供原料。多种因子如Myc、p53、大鼠肉瘤基因(rat sarcoma,RAS)、Rho GTP酶和缺氧诱导因子等参与了谷氨酰胺在肿瘤细胞中代谢的调控。针对谷氨酰胺异常代谢为靶点的治疗可以成为临床上肿瘤治疗的潜在策略。

Metabolic abnormality has become an important feature of cancer cells, and the abnormal metabolism of glutamine is a vital part of it. Glutamine metabolic limits have been verified to be effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Glutamine can provide energy for rapidly growing cancer cells and provide raw materials for various biological macromolecules such as amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleotides. Multiple factors including Myc, p53, rat sarcoma （RAS）, Rho GTPase and hypoxia inducible factor （HIF） are involved in the regulation of glutamine metabolism in cancer cells. The way to target abnormal metabolism of glutamine can be a potential strategy for the treatment of cancer.