土地经营权流转、耕地配置与农民收入增长

Allocation Efficiency and Welfare Effects of the Transfer of Rurall and Management Rights in China

文章基于全国8省农户微观调查数据,探讨了中国农村土地流转市场发育在优化耕地资源配置和提高农民收入方面的作用。实证结论表明,现行土地流转起到了改进耕地配置效率的作用,有助于那些具有较高农业生产能力水平但初始土地禀赋有限的农户获得更多的土地。对农户参与土地流转所可能获得收益大小的进一步估计显示,土地流转同时显著提高了农户家庭的收入水平,在平均意义下土地流转能使任意样本农户家庭和已流转土地农户家庭的总收入分别增加19%和26%左右。此外,文章分别从土地转入和土地转出,检验了土地流转增收效应的非对称性特征,发现在土地流转过程中,转入土地农户家庭的收入增长幅度要显著高于转出土地的农户家庭。

Based on the survey data of 8 provinces in China, this paper explored the role of rural land rental market in optimizing the allocation of agricultural land resources and increasing the income of farmers by using the bivariate Tobit model and the Propensity Score Matching （PSM） method. The empirical results show that the cropland rental market improves the efficiency of resource allocation, which helps transferring more land to those farmers who are more productive but with limited endowments. The author further estimated the extent to which farmers can participate in the land transfer, and results show that the land transfer can significantly increase the income level of farmers＇ family, also, compared with the sample farmers, those who have land transfer of the household have higher income growth rate. In addition, the empirical result shows that the effect of land transfer on increasing income was asymmetric. For households that rent in land, land circulation has a positive influence on their income growth, while for households that rent out land, the current transfer does not impose any significant impact.