基于水环境容量的闽江流域跨界生态补偿标准研究

Research on Ecological Compensation Standard for Trans-regional in Minjiang River Basin Based on Water Environmental Capacity

采用基于水环境容量的流域跨界生态补偿标准测算方法,并以闽江流域为例,根据2011-2015年闽江流域的情况,测算了流域内的跨行政区生态补偿量。结果表明,上游地区基本上均是接受补偿者,龙岩、宁德、泉州等3地市获得的补偿额分别为2 045.82~3 023.91万元、3 037.71~4 009.84万元及6 205.73~6 605.81万元,中游地区三明及南平市既需要向上游地区支付生态补偿费用,同时也应得到下游地区的生态补偿,最终支付/获得的生态补偿额分别为-2 476.78~1 967.35万元及-5 062.21~4 091.23万元,下游地区福州市总共需要支付的生态补偿额为10 426.13~16 148.56万元。针对补偿标准测算结果提出了水体污染控制方式、生态补偿模式、资金筹措相结合的闽江流域生态补偿机制的建议。

The quantifications of trans-regional eco-compensation in Minjiang River Basin from 2011 to 2015 were estimated by the standard calculation method based on water environmental capacity. The results indicated that the most upstream districts were acceptors of eco- compensation. The eco-compensation amount in Longyan, Ningde and Quanzhou cities were 2 og 5.82-3 023.91- 104 Yuan, 3 037.71 - 4 009.84- 104 Yuan, and 6 205.73 - 6 605.81 - 104 Yuan, respectively. The mid-stream cities Sanming and Nanping ought to pay for the eco -compensation to the upstream areas, and receive the eco.compensation in the lower reaches. The eco.compensation amount in Sanming City and Nanping City （payout and reception） were -2476.78- 1 967.35- 104 Yuan and -5 062.21 - 4 091.23- 104 Yuan, respectively. The downstream Fuzhou City needed to pay for 10 426.13 - 16 148.56 - 104 Yuan for eco -compensation. The Minjiang River Basin eco- compensation mechanism which should include water pollution control mode, eco-compensation model, and eco-compensation fund raising were also discussed in this paper.