乞讨现象:场域、结构及功能

The Phenomenon of Begging: Field,Structure and Function

乞讨作为一种普遍存在的社会现象,与文明相悖但又长期共存。当下中国社会,从理论上来讲,乞讨产生的根本原因已经不复存在,但有关乞讨现象的报道频频见诸于媒体。这与乞讨发生的场域、乞讨行为的内在关系结构以及乞讨本身的功能密切相关。在乞讨现象发生的场域方面,通过比较城市社会和乡村社会的不同特点,发现在当下社会引起乞讨现象的根本性原因。在乞讨行为的内在关系结构方面,通过分析乞讨者、乞讨对象以及对乞讨者进行管理的政府部门三者关系,认为乞讨不是一种权利,只是乞讨者对生活方式的一种自由选择;就乞讨本身的功能而言,乞讨现象除负功能以外,还存在多方面的正功能。

As a common social phenomenon, begging is contrary to civilization, but it coexists for a long time. At present, in China, the root cause of begging has ceased to exist, but the reports about begging have frequently appeared in the media. This is closely related to the begging field, the internal structure of the begging behavior and the function of begging itself. In the field of begging phenomenon, comparing different characteristics of city society and the rural society to find out the fundamental reason for the phenomenon of the contemporary society. In the aspect of begging behavior relationship structure, through the analysis of beggars, begging objects and the government relationship, with the aim of pointing out that begging is not a right, but a free choice of life style. Through the study of begging the function itself can be found, that besides the negative function of the begging, there are many aspects of the function.