激活尼采:德勒兹论欲望、差异与生成

Activating Nietzsche: Deleuze's discussion on desire、difference and becoming

德勒兹对尼采解读的过程就是对尼采哲学不断利用与创造的过程。这种创造可概括为欲望、差异与生成。他将尼采的强力意志概念与欲望概念联系起来,欲望是一种生产性的积极力量而非匮乏性的补偿力量,渗透于个人、社会、国家等各个领域,一切生产都是现实的欲望生产。尼采哲学中力的概念为德勒兹阐释一种新的差异逻辑提供了动力,不同力的主次地位决定了世界的多元性与事物意义的多变性。在阐述差异概念时,德勒兹将尼采的悲剧思想与强力意志概念结合起来,实现了对差异的肯定。尼采的生成思想被德勒兹转化为块茎思维,是对树状思维的颠覆。德勒兹通过对欲望、差异与生成的阐述激活了尼采,表现出典型的后现代特征。

The process of Deleuze＇s interpretation of Nietzsche is the constantly creating process of Nietzsche＇ s philosophy. This creation can be summarized as desire, difference and becoming. He transforms Nietzsche＇ s strong will to desire machine. Desire is a kind of productive and positive force, not a compensation force ; it penetrates into the individual, the society, the country and other fields. All production is the desire production of reality. The concept of power in Nietzsche＇s philosophy has provided the impetus for Deleuze to explain a new differential logic. The primary and secondary status of different forces determines the diversity of the world and the variability of the things＇ significance. When explaining the concept of difference, Deleuze combined Nietzsche＇s tragic thought with the concept of strong will, to realize the affirmation of the difference and the all things in the world. Nietzsche ＇ s generation thought was converted to the tuber thinking by Deleuze, which is the subversion of the tree thinking. Deleuze actives the Nietzsche through the elaboration of the desire, the difference and the becoming, showing a typical Post Modernism.