黔北麻羊与南江黄羊杂交后代屠宰及肉质性能比较

Comparison on slaughtering and meat performance between Qian Bei Ma goat and Nanjiang Yellow goat hybrid posterity

为进一步探究黔北麻羊杂交改良效果,选取相同饲养条件下同龄的纯种黔北麻羊和南江黄羊(♂)与黔北麻羊(♀)杂交后代南黔F1为试验组合,分别对其屠宰性能、肉质性能、不同组织肌肉纤维、肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸组成等方面进行对比分析。结果表明,黔北麻羊与南黔F1母羊在宰前活重、净肉重和胴体重指标差异极显著(P<0.01),在眼肌面积和屠宰率指标差异显著(P<0.05);黔北麻羊与南黔F1公羊净肉率指标差异极显著(P<0.01),胴体重和屠宰率指标差异显著(P<0.05);南黔F1在熟肉率、滴水损失、粗蛋白、粗灰分等指标均优于黔北麻羊。另外,南黔F1肉的总氨基酸(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)、鲜味氨基酸(DTAA)和甜味氨基酸(STAA)含量略低于黔北麻羊肉,但EAA/TAA、EAA/非必需氨基酸(NEAA)、DTAA/TAA以及STAA/TAA含量十分接近;南黔F1较黔北麻羊饱和脂肪酸相对含量仅差0.05百分点,不饱和脂肪酸相对含量较黔北麻羊高出0.06百分点。南黔F1羊的屠宰性能显著高于黔北麻羊(P<0.05),南黔F1肉品品质优于黔北麻羊,说明南江黄羊杂交改良后的黔北麻羊屠宰性能和肉品质均得到了提高。

The present study was conducted to explore the crossbreeding effect of Nanjiang Yellow goat（♂） with Qian Bei Ma goat（♀）on the slaughter performance,meat quality performance,different organizational muscle fiber and the amino acids and fatty acid composition of muscle in Nan and Qian F1 at the same day age under the condition.Results showed that extremely significant differences for slaughter weight,carcass weight and pure meat weight meat were found in Qian Bei Ma Goat and Nan and Qian F1 rams（P〈0.01）.In addition,eye muscle area index and dressing percentage between two genetic groups reached significant difference（P〈0.05）.There were extremely significant differences in pure meat percentage between Qian Bei Ma goat and Nan and Qian F1 rams（P〈0.01）.For carcass weight and dressing percentage,two genetic groups reached significant differences（P〈0.05）.However,slaughter weight was extremely significant difference for both groups.Cooking loss,drip loss,crude protein,crude ash of Nan and Qian F1 were superior to Qian Bei Ma Goat,especially for water loss rate,crude ash and moisture index（P〈0.01）.Moreover,contents of TAA,EAA,DTAA and STAA for Nan and Qian F1 mutton were slightly lower than that of Qian Bei Ma goat,but EAA/TAA,EAA/NEAA,DTAA/TAA and STAA/TAA contents were almost at the same levels.Unsaturated and saturated fatty acids was 0.06 and 0.05 percentage points higher in Nan and Qian F1 than Qian Bei Ma goat,respectively.The slaughtering performance of Nan and Qian F1 was significantly higher than that of Qian Bei Ma Goat（P〈0.05）,meat quality was also better than that of Nan and Qian F1.The result revealed slaughtering performance and meat quality of Qian Bei Ma goat were improved after crossbreeding.