知识的可能与认识的发生——从人的认识走向人的生存

The Possibility of Knowledge and the Occurrence of Cognition——From Human Cognition to Human Existence

康德通过"哥白尼式的革命"、现象界和自在之物的区分以及对人类先天认识能力的批判,使既有普遍必然性又有新内容的知识成为可能。康德的认识论虽然存在着各种枝节性问题,但是却很难从内部被驳倒。随着时代的发展和社会的变迁,知识的可能问题不再具有至高无上的地位,它的重要性被认识的发生问题所取代,而这在本质上关涉到人类的生存和命运。从知识的可能问题向认识的发生问题的转换,要求我们将哲学研究的焦点从康德的纯粹理性批判转向马克思主义的社会现实批判。

Kant makes the knowledge possible, which comprises both universal necessity and new content, via ＂Copernican revolution＂, the distinguishment between phenomenal realm and thing- in- itself, and the critique of the human transcen- dental cognitive capacity. Although there＇ re various minor defects in Kantian epistemology, it cannot be refuted from in- side. With the development of the era and the change of society, the possibility of knowledge is no longer of supreme impor- tance, and surpassed by the occurrence of cognition, which is related to human existenceand fate in essence. The shiftfrom the possibility of knowledge to the occurrence of cognition, demands us to change the focusof philosophy research from Kantian critique of pure reason to Marxian critique of social reality.