国家治理进程中激励机制的转型与建构

Transformation and Construction of Incentive Mechanism in National Governance

国家治理过程中激励机制是解释发展的重要变量。我国激励机制的建构是以体制、制度、文化为支撑的,结合国家发展目标与个人理性诉求的利益兼容性激励模式。这一模式中,国家维度的目标设定与官员维度的奖励设计是激励机制的核心。从以魅力型权威为依托的政治忠诚到以科层制理性为依托的绩效追求再到多元激励目标的形成,激励机制的目标设定是随着治理环境和治理语境的改变而转型的;而从精神奖励到财政奖励再到晋升奖励的转型,激励机制中的奖励设计则为国家治理中不同历史时期的官员行为提供了不同的策略性动机和动力。

The construction of incentive mechanism is an important variable to understand the development of our country in the process of national governance. The incentive mechanism in China, supported by the system, institution and culture, is a combination of the state＇s strategic goal for national development and the citizens＇rational appeal for personal development. In this model, the core is to set the right goal for national development and to design a productive rewarding system for the public servants. The goal setting for the incentive mechanism varies with the changes in the environment and context of governance. It has changed from the charismatic authority-based political loyalty to the bureaucratic rationality-based pursuit of performance to the formation of the multiple incentive targets. Accordingly, changes from the spiritual reward to the financial reward and then to the incentives for promotion in designing the incentive mechanism provide the officials with different strategic behavioral motivations and dynamics in different historical periods.