美国一流大学课程评价体系的典型特征——以西北大学为例

Typical Features of Curriculum Evaluation in U.S.First-class Universities Take Northwestern University for Example

20世纪70年代后,美国课程评价理论发展进入相对成熟期,出现了建构主义的新范式。美国一流大学的课程评价体系一定程度秉承了第四代评价的价值理念,积累了较为丰富的课程评价经验。作为一所世界一流研究型大学,西北大学制定了完善的课程评价制度,实施了规范严谨的评价方案,课程评价体系具有鲜明的当代评价特征:"多方参与、共同协商"的评价理念,"外部保障、内部提升"的评价制度,"成果导向,学教融合"的评价体系,"类型多样,形式多元"的评价过程。美国一流大学的课程评价实践对我国大学进行课程评价改革具有一定的参考价值。

In 1970s,American curriculum evaluation theory came into the era of the paradigm constructivism. The U. S. first-class universities carried out the new ideas of the fourth generation of evaluation. As one of the world famous universities, Northwestern University has obtained the greatest honor for its excellent teaching. The institution of curriculum evaluation is of great importance in the quality assurance and has typical features of modern evaluation practice,which are the idea of subject pluralism, the regulation of assurance and improvement,the system of learning-teaching integration and the process of diverse assessment. The practice and experience of curriculum evaluation in American first-class universities may be of help and guidance to the reform of curriculum evaluation for Chinese universities.