非手术科室与手术科室静脉血栓栓塞症预防护理现状的比较研究

A comparative study on the current status of the prevention for venous thromboembolism between non-operating departments and operating departments

目的:通过国内多中心调查结果比较分析三级甲等医院非手术科室与手术科室静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)的预防现状,为国内医院全面开展临床静脉血栓栓塞症的预防护理工作提供指导。方法:采用自行设计问卷,在2015年中华护理学会外科护理学术研讨会上对全国29个省(直辖市、自治区)5 278名护士,其中手术科室护士3 062名,非手术科室护士2 216名进行问卷调查。结果:手术科室的规范化静脉血栓预防流程及VTE风险评估的开展明显优于非手术科室,P值分别为0.042、0.046。手术科室护士的VTE总体知识水平高于非手术科室护士,P=0.001。目前仍缺乏全国同质化的VTE规范预防护理流程。结论:目前国内亟待建立VTE预防护理共识,全面、快速推进临床VTE预防护理工作的标准化、同质化进程,同时提高临床护士的VTE防治水平。

Objective： To comparatively analyze the current status of the prevention of VTE between non-operating departments and operating departments from the tertiary grade A hospitals by multiple center surveys, so as to provide guidance for clinical nursing work to carry out comprehensive prevention of VTE in hospitals. Methods： Using a self- designed questionnaire, we conducted a survey on 5 278 nurses from 29 provinces （municipalities and autonomous regions） at the 2015 Symposium of Chinese Nursing Association of Surgical Nursing. Among them, 3 062 nurses were from operating departments, another 2 216 nurses were from non-operating departments. Results： The standardized prevention procedure and risk assessment for VTE in the operating departments were obviously better than those in the non-operating departments, and the P values were 0.042 and 0.046, respectively. Nurses＇ overall knowledge level of VTE in operating departments was higher than those in non-operating departments, P=0.001. There was still lack of national standardized procedures of the prevention and nursing for VTE. Conclusion： At present, it is urgent to establish the consensus on the prevention and nursing for VTE in China, and comprehensively and rapidly promote the standardization and homogenization of the clinical prevention and nursing work for VTE, and improve clinical nurses＇ prevention and control level for VTE at the same time.