摘要
目的分析2011-2015年抚州市乙肝流行趋势与流行病学特征,为乙肝疫情的控制提供科学依据。方法对2011-2015年抚州市乙肝疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011-2015年抚州市乙肝年均发病率为72.63/10万,发病率呈上升趋势(χ2=257.282,P<0.01),发病率年均增长速度为11.90%。高发病区依次为黎川县、南城县、南丰县、宜黄县和金溪县。报告病例以20~59岁居多,占85.08%。男、女性别比为3.27∶1,男、女性的发病率分别为107.32/10万和35.31/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3 533.265,P<0.01),男、女性发病率均呈上升趋势(χ2值分别为138.046和149.776,P<0.01)。患者以农民、从事家务及待业为主,其中农民发病构成比呈下降趋势(χ2=20.128,P<0.01),家务及待业患者构成比呈上升趋势(χ2=50.056,P<0.01)。结论抚州市乙肝预防与控制工作重点在农村,农民、家务及待业者为主要风险人群,因此应加强对该人群的健康教育,提高乙肝防治认知水平,同时提高乙肝疫苗接种率,控制乙肝的流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological trends and characteristics of hepatitis B in Fuzhou from 2011 to2015 in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze data on hepatitis B in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015. Results The average annual incidence of hepatitis B was 72.63/100,000 in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015.Incidence tended to increase(χ~2=257.282,P〈0.01).Incidence tended to increase 11.90% annually.The 5 counties or districts with the highest incidence rate were Lichuan County(117.94/100 000),Nancheng County(104.03/100 000),Nanfeng County(100.49/100 000),Yihuang County(85.49/100 000)and Jinxi County(73.78/100 000).Of the reported cases of hepatitis B,85.08%involved individuals between20 and 59 years of age,and the male-female ratio of infected individuals was 3.27:1.The incidence rate among males was107.32/100,000 and the incidence rate among females was 35.31/100 000;the incidence rate differed significantly by sex(χ^2=3 533.265,P〈0.01).The incidence rates among males and females both tended to increase(χ^2 values were138.046 and 149.776,respectively,P〈0.01).Most patients were farmers,homemakers,and the unemployed.The proportion of farmers tended to decrease(χ^2=20.128,P〈0.01),and the proportion of homemakers and the unemployed tended to increase(χ^2=50.056,P〈0.01). Conclusion Prevention and control of hepatitis B has focused on the countryside.Farmers,homemakers,and the unemployed were high-risk groups.To control the prevalence of hepatitis B,health education should be enhanced to improve the level of awareness of hepatitis B and the rate of vaccination should be increased.
作者
上官致洋
朱小康
王克强
王建辉
谢雯艳
SHANGGUAN Zhi-yang;ZHU Xiao-kang;WANG Ke-qiang;WANG Jian-hui;XIE Wen-yan(Department of Public Health, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344000, China;Jinxi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention;The First People's Hospital of Fuzhou)
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期990-993,共4页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
基金
2016年抚州市社会发展指导性科技计划项目
关键词
乙肝
发病率
流行趋势
流行病学特征
Hepatitis B
incidence
epidemiological trends
epidemiological characteristics