中国北方温带针阔叶混交林主要植物相对花粉产量和相关花粉源范围研究

RESEARCH OF MAIN PLANT SPECIES＇S RELATIVE POLLEN PRODUCTIVITIES AND RELEVANT SOURCE AREA OF TEMPERATE CONIFEROUS AND BROAD-LEAVED MIXED FOREST IN NORTHERN CHINA

花粉产量和花粉来源范围是影响花粉与植被关系的重要因素，因此，获得某一地区植物属种的花粉产量和花粉源范围是正确解释花粉组合，定量恢复古植被、古气候必须解决的问题。本文在对长白山36个样点和太岳山30个样点详细植被调查的基础上，运用ERV模型估算了长白山11种花粉类型和太岳山10种花粉类型的相对花粉产量和相关花粉源范围。长白山研究区的相关花粉源范围为1000m左右，太岳山研究区为2000m左右，风速和花粉沉降速率对相对花粉产量影响不明显。以栎属为参照种（花粉产量为1），长白山11种花粉类型中松属（9.71±0.24）、蒿属（10.49±1.09）、桦属（6.01±0.12）和落叶松属（2.08±0.09）的相对花粉产量较高，胡桃属（0.93±0.13）、禾本科（0.10±0.11）、白蜡树属（0.15±0.03）和椴属（0.25±0.04）居中，莎草科（0.01±0.04）和榆属（0.0004±0.08）较低；太岳山10种花粉类型中松属（5.56±0.62）、桦属（2.39±0.22）、胡颓子科（1.61±0.22）和胡桃属（1.45±0.03）的相对花粉产量较高，毛茛科（1.13±0.50）、蒿属（0.003±0.24）、落叶松属（0.76±0.09）和禾本科（0.17±0.05）适中，莎草科（0.007±0.01）较低。

Relative pollen productivity （RPP）and relevant source area of pollen （RSAP）are the most important factors to infect the relationship between pollen and vegetation. Therefore, the pollen production of plants from one region and its pollen source area must be determined to interpret pollen assemblages and recover paleovegetation and paleoclimate correctly. This paper estimated the RPPs for 11 pollen types from Changbai Mountains （42°19＇39＂~42°41＇29＂N, 127°50＇11＂~128°23＇53＂E; 500~1115m a.s.l.） and 10 pollen types from Taiyue Mountains （36°33＇01＂~36°53＇26＂N, 111°59＇09＂~112°25＇17＂E; 1100~2300m a.s.l.）, as well as RSAP of study areas using the ERV model based on detailed vegetation survey from 36 points in Changbai Mountains and 30 points in Taiyue Mountains. Results show that RSAP of Changbai Mountains is about 1000m, whereas that of Taiyue Mountains is about 2000m. Wind speed and pollen fall speed have little influence on the RSAP. With Quercus as a reference taxon （PPE=1）, among 11 pollen types in Changbai Mountains, RPPs of Pinus （9.71±0.24）, Artemisia （10.49±1.09）, Betula （6.01±0.12）and Larix （2.08±0.09）is relatively high; RPPs of Juglans （0.93±0.13）, Poaceae （0.10±0.11）, Fraxinus （0.15±0.03）and Tilia （0.25±0.04）is moderate; and RPPs of Cyperaceae （0.01±0.04） and Ulmus （0.0004±0.08）is relatively low. Among 10 pollen types in Taiyue Mountains, RPPs of Pinus （5.56±0.62）, Betula （2.39±0.22）, Elaeagnaceae （1.61±0.22）Juglans （1.45±0.03）is relatively high; RPPs of Ranunculaceae （1.13±0.50）, Artemisia （0.003±0.24）, Larix （0.76±0.09）and Poaceae （0.17±0.05）is moderate; and RPP of Cyperaceae （0.007±0.01）is relatively low. Vegetation composition, regional climatic characteristics, different reference taxon, different species of the same reference taxon, and other reasons could make the RPP of same pollen type remarkably different in various areas.