2013年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Cancer Registration Areas of Hunan Province,2013

[目的]分析2013年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病、死亡情况。[方法]收集2013年湖南省11个肿瘤登记地区上报的肿瘤发病与死亡资料。按城乡、性别分层,分别计算恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别率、0~74岁累积率等,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成为标准进行计算。[结果]2013年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率190.71/10万,中标率为139.41/10万,世标率135.82/10万,0~74岁累积率为15.48%。城市地区恶性肿瘤发病率是197.15/10万,而农村地区为188.66/10万。男性恶性肿瘤发病率219.59/10万,高于女性的159.92/10万。男性发病前5位的是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、鼻咽癌;女性发病前5位的是肺癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、结直肠癌。2013年湖南省肿瘤登记地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为122.65/10万,中标率为85.48/10万,世标率84.13/10万,0~74岁累积率为9.58%。城市地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率是135.44/10万,农村为118.58/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡率是153.96/10万,高于女性的89.25/10万。男性死亡率前5位为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、鼻咽癌,女性死亡前5位为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、子宫体癌。[结论]肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、鼻咽癌及女性乳腺癌、宫颈癌等病种是湖南省发病率、死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤,应作为湖南省恶性肿瘤防治的主要癌种。湖南省男性居民口腔及咽喉癌发病率和死亡率都有所上升,城市男性居民上升幅度更大,需要提早防范。

[Purpose] To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in cancer registration area of Hunan province in 2013. [Methods] The new cancer cases and cancer deaths were collected from 11 population-based cancer registries of Hunan province. After data were checked and evaluated,stratified analysis by residence and gender was used to calculate crude rate,age-standardized rate,age-specific rate,cumulative rate of 0～74 years old. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi’s population were used for calculating age-standardized rate. [Results] The crude cancer incidence in Hunan cancer registries was 190.71/105,the age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population（ASR China） and by world standard population（ASR world） were 139.41/105 and 135.82/105 respectively,with the cumulative incidence rate （0～74 years old） of 15.48%. The cancer incidence was 197.15/105 in urban areas and 188.66/105 in rural areas. The cancer incidence of males was higher than that of females （219.59/105 vs 159.92/105）. The most common cancers in men were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,and nasopharyngeal carcinoma,while those in women were lung cancer,breast cancer,cervical cancer,liver cancer,and colorectal cancer. The crude cancer mortality in Hunan cancer registries in 2013 was 122.65/105,the ASR China and ASR world of mortality were 85.48/105 and 84.13/105 respectively,with the cumulative mortality rate（0～74 years old） of 9.58%. The cancer mortality was 135.44/105 in urban areas and 118.58/105 in rural areas. The cancer mortality of males was higher than that of females （153.96/105 vs 89.25/105）. The most common causes of cancer death in males were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma,while those in females were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,and corpus uteri cancer. [Conclusion] Lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,female breast cancer,and cervical cancer are the most common cancers threatening people’s health in Hunan. There is an increase in morbidity and mortality rates of oral cavity and throat cancer in Hunan province,especially among urban male residents.