语言层面的协同:显性与隐性

Linguistic Alignment: Explicit and Implicit

社会认知视角是近年来二语习得研究中的新兴视角,社会认知理论认为语言、语言习得和其他方面的社会活动密不可分,语言是社会中的语言。研究语言习得应该在社会环境中研究,不应忽视社会认知因素的影响,也不应忽视语言和社会认知因素的相互作用。协同是社会认知视角下二语习得研究中的重要概念,以Atkinson为代表的研究者强调语言使用和语言学习中的互动与协同,以Pickering和Garrod为代表的研究者则强调协同是人际对话顺利进行的机制。本文对这两种观点的理论及相关实证研究进行了概述和评价,并在此基础上提出了关于语言层面的协同的认识和观点。

Sociocognitive perspective is a newly rising research tendency in the field of second language acquisition （SLA）. From this perspective, it is believed that language, language acquisition and other social activities are inseparable. Language exists as a part of human society and thus it should be studied in the social environment. Neither the influence of sociocognitive factors nor the interaction between language and sociocognitive factors should be neglected in language studies. Alignment, an important concept in SLA from the sociocognitive perspective, is proposed by Atldnson and other researchers who put much emphasis on the interaction and alignment in the research of language use and language acquisition. And Pickering ＆ Garrod and some other researchers put the emphasis of alignment on its mechanism which is capable of guaranteeing a continuing, smooth and successful interpersonal conversation. This paper provides a review of the two different opinions of studying alignment in SLA and based on that, an understanding of linguistic alignment and its classification will be proposed.