促干剂对GA_3处理和未处理无核白葡萄产量及品质的影响

Effect of Pro-dry Agent on the Productivity and Quality of Turpan Seedless Grapes(Vitis vinifera L.) Treated or Untreated by GA_3

[目的]研究促干剂对赤霉素(GA_3)处理和未处理无核白葡萄产量及品质的影响。[方法]以吐鲁番无核白葡萄为试验材料,开花结实期GA_3处理和未处理的无核白葡萄进行促干剂预处理,探讨其对产量和品质以及相关生理生化指标的影响。在GA_3处理和未处理的无核白葡萄开花结实前,均用促干剂处理,测定并计算出在制干过程中的脱水率、出干率、呼吸速率以及有机酸含量等指标参数。对消费者身体可能造成的健康隐患进行讨论。[结果]促干剂处理极显著地加速葡萄失水,并使失水速率随促干剂浓度而上升,而GA_3处理与未处理葡萄失水速率没有明显差异;促干剂提高制干过程前期葡萄的呼吸速率,而在中、后期的呼吸速率则降低,但GA_3处理与未处理的葡萄呼吸速率并没有明显的差异;GA_3对葡萄粒体积和葡萄鲜重有显著增效作用,但鲜葡萄出干率下降10%左右;用促干剂进行处理的无核白出干率有上升的趋势,但不具有实际统计学价值;促干剂与GA_3进行处理的无核白的有机酸含量均明显高于对照处理,并且存在显著交互作用。[结论]促干剂与赤霉素用于葡萄干生产会在一定程度上提高经济效益,但给消费者带来健康隐患,因此使用者需慎重考虑。

[Objective] To research the effect of pro-dry agent （PDA） on the productivity and quality of Turpan seedless grapes （Vitis vinifera L.） treated or untreated by GA3 .[ Method] With Turpan seedless grape as the research materials, pre-treatment of grape treated and untreated by GA3 at blooming stage was carried out.Its effects on yield, quality and correlated physiological and biochemical indexes were discussed.PDA was applied before flowering stage, and the dehydration rate, respiration rate during the drying processes, organic acid content and the dry-weight yield of the grapes were measured.The health hazard on consumer＇s body were discussed.[Result] PDA extremely significantly promoted the de-hydration rate of grape, and the rate enhanced with the increasing concentration of PDA.There were no significant differences in dehydration rate between treatments with and without GA3 .PDA enhanced the respiration rate in the early stage of the drying process, but reduced it in later sta-ges.There were no significant differences in respiration rate between treatments with and without GA3 .Under GA3 treatment, the grape grain size and the fresh weight increased significantly, while the dry matter percentage per 100 g of fresh grapes decreased by 10%.The dry matter percent-age per 100 g of fresh grapes rose under PDA treatment, but it was not statistically significant.The organic acid content of both of GA3-treated and PDA-treated grapes was higher than that of the control, and there was synergy between the two treatments when they were applied together.[Con-clusion] Applying GA3 and PDA in raisin enhanced the ecnomic benefit but brought health hazard, so that the users needed to consider carefully.