马铃薯聚硒特性研究

Gather Characteristics of Selenium in Potato

[目的]探究马铃薯对硒元素的聚集特性,为富硒马铃薯的生产提供理论和实践依据。[方法]分别测定不同土壤硒水平和叶面喷施不同硒水平条件下的马铃薯块茎含硒量,并比较不同品种在相同土壤硒水平条件下和相同叶面喷施硒水平条件下聚硒能力的差异。[结果]在总硒含量较高的土壤中种植的马铃薯的含硒量不一定较高;叶面喷施亚硒酸钠可以大幅度提高马铃薯块茎的含硒量,其马铃薯块茎含硒量是不喷施硒肥的5.3~37.6倍;不论是在相同土壤硒水平条件下还是在相同叶面喷施硒水平条件下,马铃薯品种间硒的聚集量都有很大差别,品种间含硒量最大相差20倍以上。[结论]在富硒土壤上不一定能够生产出富硒马铃薯;生产富硒马铃薯产品首先应筛选聚硒能力强的马铃薯品种,其次是应选择适宜的富硒土壤。叶面喷施亚硒酸钠可以作为生产富硒马铃薯的辅助措施,喷施浓度以20~50 mg/kg为宜。

[Objective]To explore the gather characteristics of selenium in potato, and to provide theoretical and practical basis for the pro-duction of selenium-enriched potato products.[ Method] Selenium contents in potato tuber were detected under different soil selenium levels and foliar application of different selenium levels.Differences in selenium accumulation ability of different varieties were compared under the same soil selenium level and the same foliar selenium level.[ Result] The selenium content of potato grown in the soil with higher total selenium content in soilis was not necessarily high;spraying sodium selenite could greatly improve the selenium content of potato tubers, which was 5.3 -37.6 times of those without spraying selenium.the aggregate amount of potatos varied greatly in both the same selenium level of soil and the same foli-ar application of selenium level, and the maximum differences could reach more than 20 times.[Conclusion]The selenium-enriched soil was not nec-essarily able to produce selenium enriched potato.Producing selenium enriched potato products should firstly screen the potato varieties with high se-lenium gathering ability, followed by choosing the appropriate selenium enriched soil.Foliar application of sodium selenite could be used as the auxil-iary measure of producing selenium-enriched potato products, and the proper spraying concentration should be 20-50 mg/kg.