小白菜干物质积累与养分累积特点研究

Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Accumulation in Chinese Cabbage

[目的]探寻小白菜生长发育时期中关键的施肥时期。[方法]通过露地栽培,对小白菜各生长发育时期的养分吸收总量进行了分析。[结果]随着小白菜的生长发育,其鲜重和干重不断增加,3月21日起,其增加较为显著;收获时小白菜对常量元素氮、磷、钾的吸收量分别达到93.77、5.52和13.82 mg/株;3月21日起,3种元素的吸收总量增加较快;中微量元素吸收规律和常量元素的变化基本一致。[结论]3月21日是干物质和各养分吸收量的重要变化点。在实际生产中,小白菜播种40 d左右需适当增加肥料的施用。

[Objective] To find the critical fertilization period during the growth and development of Chinese cabbage.[Method]Through outdoor cultivation,total nutrient uptake of Chinese cabbage in different growth periods was analyzed.[Result] With the development of Chinese cabbage, the fresh weight and dry weight increased.And the increase was more significant since March 21st.During harvest,nitrogen, phosphorus and po-tassium uptake of Chinese cabbage reached 93.77,5.52 and 13.82 mg/plant.Since March 21st,the total absorption of three elements increased rapidly.The change rules of medium and trace nutrients absorption and macroelement absorption were basically the same.[ Conclusion] March 21st is an important change point of dry matter and nutrient uptake.In the practical production,fertilizer should be properly increased after Chi-nese cabbage planted for about 40 d.