19世纪英国家庭女教师小说研究

A Study of the 19^(th) Century Governess Novel in England

在19世纪的英国,家庭女教师一度成为报纸杂志、新闻小说的热门话题。家庭女教师因其职业具有鲜明的时代特性,以及其自身特殊的边缘性地位与身份引起了社会与文学界的广泛关注。这一时期很多作家都以家庭女教师为小说的主人公,描绘家庭女教师的生活与成长经历。于是家庭女教师小说成为风靡一时的小说类型。家庭女教师小说的兴起、发展、繁盛与衰落与19世纪的时代背景密切相关。19世纪社会的变革促进了女性思想的进步,经济形势的变迁与女性教育的提升,让家庭女教师成为当时社会的特殊职业群体,而家庭女教师小说也在这种情况下逐渐形成规模成为一种类型小说。

In the 19^(th) century England,the governess became the hot topic of newspapers,magazines,news and stories.The governess,whose profession has the distinct feature of times with specific marginal position and identity,aroused wide concern from the society and literature.Many writers described the life and growth of the governess as the heroine of the novel in this period,so that the governess novel turned into a popular genre.The rise,development,prosperity and decline of the governess novel all fall under the background of the 19^(th) century.The social reform in the 19^(th) century promoted women's thought and education,and prompted the change of the economic situation,consequently governesses constituted a unique professional group of the society,in which case the governess novel gradually became a genre under such circumstances.