微波辐射对大鼠肺脏组织结构和血气屏障通透性的影响

Research on The Change of Structure and Blood-Air Barrier Permeability of Rat Lung Induced By Microwave Exposure

目的研究微波辐射后大鼠肺脏组织结构和血气屏障通透性改变。方法采用0、10、30和100 mW/cm^2微波辐射166只二级雄性Wistar大鼠,并于辐射后6 h、1 d、3 d、7 d和14 d处死取肺脏,进行HE染色和硝酸镧灌注后,分别采用光镜和电镜观察微波辐射后肺脏组织结构和气血屏障通透性的变化。结果辐射后6 h,各辐射组均见肺泡和支气管上皮细胞坏死、脱落,肺间质水肿、增宽,炎性细胞浸润,1 d时最为明显,3 d见减轻,14 d基本恢复。100 mW/cm^2组辐射后1 d,Ⅰ型肺泡上皮细胞核边集、浓缩,Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞板层小体空化,硝酸镧灌注后Ⅱ型肺泡细胞膜和肺微血管外均见有镧离子分布。结论 10~100 mW/cm^2微波辐射可导致大鼠肺组织和超微结构损伤、气血屏障功能异常。

Objective To research the change of histology structure and blood-air barrier permeability of rats exposed to microwave radiation. Methods 166 male Wistar rats were exposed to Pulse microwave with average power densities of 10, 30 and 100mW/cm2 respectively. At6h, ld ,3 d ,7 d and 14 d after radiation, light microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the change of lung structure and blood-air barrier permeability. Results At 6h after exposure, all the alveolar and tracheal epithelia were necrosed and shedding. The interstitium of lung was widen and edema occurred. The inflammatory cells infiltrated into the interstitium. These changes were aggravated on 1 d, then were gradually recovered after 3 d, turned to normal at 14 d and it has the direct correlation with the dosage of radiation. Ultramicrostructure showed that at 1 d after lOOmW/crn2 exposure , the type I alveolar epithelial cell nucleus were side collected, concentrated and the lamellar body of type II alveolar cells was cav- itated. Meanwhile lanthanum ions were deposited on the membrane of type II alveolar cells and the outsides of the lung capillary suben dothelial layer. Conclusion 10, 30 and lOOmW/cra2 microwave exposure can result in the damage of structure of lungs and the increase of blood-air barrier permeability.