某医院脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作患者血压控制及降压药物使用状况分析

Blood Pressure Control and Antihypertensive Drug Use in Patients with Neurological Cerebral Infarction and Transient Ischemic Attack

目的调查分析某院神经内科脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者血压控制及降压药物使用状况。方法将本院在2014年6月-2016年12月期间收治的146例脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作的住院患者的临床资料纳入分析,其中伴高血压患者有103例(占70.55%),糖尿病患者有33例,对选入的患者进行血压控制及降压药物使用状况进行调查分析。结果 103例高血压患者中,血压达标30例,达标率为29.13%,血压未达标患者73例(70.87%);伴糖尿病患者33例,血压达标3例,达标率为9.09%,血压未达标患者30例(90.91%),有21.21%的患者未按规定服用任何降压药物,同未治疗组相比,治疗组的性别、年龄、2型糖尿病及吸烟、饮酒均无明显差异(P>0.05),然而治疗组患者在冠心病及服用抗血小板药上比较有明显差异(P<0.05),冠心病及服用抗血小板药物是影响患者降压治疗的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作患者血压控制达标率低,且患糖尿病患者血压达标率会更低,故有效的加强脑卒中患者的血压控制管理力度,可提高血压达标率并降低卒中的复发率。

Objective To investigate the effect of blood pressure control and antihypertensive drug use in patients with cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack in a hospital. Methods The clinical data of 146 hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack admitted to our hospital between June 2014 and December 2016 was included in this in-vestigation. Among them,there were 103 cases of hypertension （70. 55% ） and 33 cases of diabetes mellitus. The effect of blood pressure control and antihypertensive drug use among the selected patients were investigated and analyzed. Results Among the 103 hypertensive patients,blood pressure was up to the standard in 30 cases,and the compliance rate was 29. 13%. Among the 33 pa-tients with diabetes,3 patients were able to maintain normal blood pressure,and the standard compliance rate was 9. 09% ,while the rest failed to meet the standard （90. 91%）.21.21% of the patients did not take any antihypertensive drugs. No significant difference was detected in sex, age, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking or drinking between the treatment group and the untreated group （P〉 0. 05） . However,significant difference was detected in the use of antiplatelet agents and in the incidence of coronary heart disease （ P〈0. 05 ） in the treatment group. Coronary heart disease and taking antiplatelet drugs were independent risk factors for patients under antihypertensive therapy （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The blood pressure control rate of patients with cerebral in-farction and transient ischemic attack is low,and the blood pressure control rate among patients with diabetes mellitus is lower. Blood pressure of stroke patients should be brought under more vigorous control in order to improve the blood pressure compliance rate and reduce the recurrence of stroke.