国外军事人员使用膳食补充剂现况分析与启示

Current Use of Dietary Supplements in Foreign Military Troops

国外军事人员使用膳食补充剂比例较高,且一直处于增长状态。不同军种使用膳食补充剂比例、品种差异较大,处于部署任务的士兵大剂量使用氨基酸和蛋白质,部分人员使用含兴奋剂成分的产品。士兵在军事训练和战斗中处于高应激状态,使用膳食补充剂来提高身体素质、保持较高警觉。人口统计学特征、生活习惯及体力活动会影响士兵膳食补充剂的使用。合理补充氨基酸、蛋白质、维生素及矿物质可改善士兵的体成分和身体素质,但大剂量使用含有兴奋剂成分的补充剂可能会引发不良事件。国外膳食补充剂市场处于无人监管状态,军事人员缺乏对膳食补充剂的科学认知,易发生不良事件。因此,军事人员需加强对膳食补充剂的认知,科学使用膳食补充剂,以达到提高体能素质和认知功能的目的。

Dietary supplements have been extensively used by foreign military personnel and have been on the increase in recent years. The ratios and types of dietary supplements vary according the types of troops. Soldiers who are performing tasks prefer to use large doses of amino acids and protein, while others usually takes products containing stimulant ingredients. Soldiers in the process of military training and fighting are in a state of high stress, who tend to use dietary supplements to improve physi- cal fitness and remain highly alert. Demographic characteristics,lifestyles and physical activity have some effect on soldiers＇use of dietary supplements. Proper supplementation of amino acids, proteins, vitamins and minerals can improve the body composi-tion and physical quality of soldiers, but the abuse of large doses of supplements containing stimulants may cause adverse events. Lack of regulation of related markets and ignorance of dietary supplements may increase adverse events. Therefore, military per-sonnel needs lo leam more about dietary supplements and use them properly in order lo improve physical fitness and cognitive function.