气凝胶超声铣削圆形刀设计

Design of aerogel ultrasonic milling circular tool

针对传统机械加工气凝胶出现的粉尘、材料凹陷、破损等问题,对气凝胶材料加工方式、加工刀具等方面进行了研究,提出了以超声铣削方式加工气凝胶材料。对圆形刀进行了结构设计,分析了圆形刀在强迫外力、自身阻尼力、声波作用力下的振动特性以及自由振动时自身的固有频率f,建立铣削力方程,从理论角度证明了超声铣削力要小于普通铣削力,利用ANSYS Workbench软件对刀具进行了各阶模态分析,并对比了各阶模态振型图和振型位移矢量图。研究结果表明:当f=19 407 Hz时,振型沿圆形刀径向传递,在刀具边缘时振幅达到最大,是超声铣削加工的理想振型;通过超声铣削方式加工气凝胶材料,能够实现减小铣削力、提高加工质量等功能,加工效率高。

In order to solve the problem of dust,material sag,damage in processing of aerogel with traditional mechanical,the processing method and cutting tool of aerogel was studied. the method of ultrasonic milling was presented. The structure of circular knife was designed and the vibration characteristics of circular knife which is under the external force,damping force and the sound wave and the natural frequency f under free vibration were analyzed,ultrasonic milling force equation was established to improve that the ultrasonic milling force is smaller than the ordinary milling force from the perspective of theory. ANSYS Workbench software was used to get each modal analysis and get a contrast between the modal vibration mode and vector graph. The results indicate that the vibration along the circular knife radial transmission and the amplitude on the edge of knife is maximum when f = 19 407 Hz,it's ideal mode of ultrasonic milling,the method of ultrasonic milling has high processing efficiency and can reduce the milling force,improve the the quality of processing and other functions.