社区中老年人营养知信行水平调查

An investigation on knowledge,attitude,behavior about nutrition among elderly residents in 2 communities in Wenzhou City

目的了解温州市社区中老年人对《中国居民膳食指南》(2007版)相关营养知识知信行现状,探索社区老年人营养干预的有效途径。方法于2014年12月—2015年1月采取自愿参与原则纳入温州市2个社区784名>50岁中老年人进行《中国居民膳食指南》相关营养知识、态度和行为问卷调查,并采用多重线性回归分析营养知识知晓率的影响因素。结果温州市社区中老年人营养知识总知晓率为58.28%,其中健康烹饪方式知晓率最高(89.29%),食用碘盐作用知晓率最低(0.89%)。53.06%的调查对象对营养知识感兴趣,14.54%认为自己掌握或熟悉营养知识,39.54%认为掌握营养知识对健康有很大或较大影响,76.53%愿意改变有害健康的饮食习惯;调查对象主要从电视或广播获得营养知识,占50.89%。蔬菜类和鱼类摄入频率较高,每天食用分别占88.01%和62.63%;奶类及其制品和豆类及其制品摄入频率较低,每天食用分别占21.43%和15.43%。多重线性回归分析结果显示,女性、文化程度高、子女人数少、已婚且配偶健在和以社会保险(含低保)为经济来源对营养知识得分起正向作用。结论温州市中老年人营养知识知晓率为58.28%,营养健康信念较好,但奶类及其制品和豆类及其制品摄入频率较低。

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude,behavior about Dietary Guidelines for Chinese（2007 ）among elderly residents in2 communities in Wenzhou City,and to exoplore the appropriate method for dietary interventionfor elderly people. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out in 784 people aged 50 years and above in twocommunities in Wenzhou from December,2014 to January,2015 about Dietary Guidelines for Chinese（2007 ）.Theawareness of knowledge,attitude and behavior about nutrition were recorded,and multiple linear regressions were takento evaluate the impression of knowledge. Results The awareness rate of knowledge was 58.28%,and the awareness about＇Which is the healthiest way to cook？＇ was the hot question （89.29%） while ＇Which disease can be prevented by eatingiodized salt？＇ was not（0.89%） . And 53.06% of respondents interested in nutrient knowledge,and 14.54% of themthought they had learned the knowledge about nutrition,and 39.54% of them thought knowledge had impact on health,and 76.53% of them would like to change their unhealthy dietary behavior. About 50.89% of respondents got knowledgeabout nutrition from TV or radio programs. Intake frequency about vegetables and fish were 88.01% and 62.63%respectively,while intake frequency about milk and milk products and beans and their products were 21.43% and 15.43%respectively. Multiple linear regression promoted that,female,a high degree of education,less number of offspring,people who had married,people whose income came from social insurance had positive impact on the awareness rate ofknowledge. Conclusion The awareness rate of knowledge among elderly people was low,and intake frequency about milkand milk products and beans and their products were efficient. But they would like to change their unhealthy behavior.Long-term education about nutrition should be taken for elderly people.