基于WVD和OVD的唐山市中心城区应急避难场所建设分析

A Study on Emergency Shelter Constrution of Tangshan Downtown Based on WVD and OVD

唐山市是地震多发区,应急避难场所建设是其地震预防工作的重要环节。文章基于WVD,OVD对唐山市中心城区的应急避难场所建设进行了分析,得出以下结论:第一,从空间布局上看,研究区北部、东南、南部地区为应急避难场所责任区的盲区,路南区、路北区避震场所较为合理,开平区、丰南区应急避难责任区服务半径小,应急避难能力有限;第二,从建设上看,研究区北部凤凰新城应结合城市绿地等建设紧急避难场所,东部开平公园应加强硬件建设并提升其应急能力,南部应增设新的避难场所,开辟唐山市第二医院到凤凰山公园的生命通道,利用第二医院起落飞机的优势,提升凤凰山公园应急避难能力;第三,从研究方法上看,WVD较OVD更能全面考虑应急避难场所本身的应急能力。

Tangshan City is prone to earthquakes,and so the construction of emergency shelter is an important part of the earthquake prevention.Based on WVD and OVD,the authors of this paper have analyzed the construction of emergency shelter in the downtown area of Tangshan,and conclusions have been reached as follows：first,from the aspect of spatial layout,the construction of emergency shelter is not satisfactory in the northern,southeast and southern parts of the Tangshan while the seismic shelter in Lunan District and Lubei District are more reasonable.The service radius of the emergency shelter in Kaiping and Fengnan districts is small,and the capacity for emergency evacuation is limited.Second,from the point of view of construction,green space is to be increased for emergency evacuation in Phoenix New City in the north of Tangshan,hardware construction in parks to be strengthened so as to expand the capacity for emergency evacuation in Kaiping in east of Tangshan,more shelter to be built in the south,and the life channel to be opened betweenNo.2 Hospital of Tangshan City to Phoenix Hill Park in order to raise the capacity of he the Park for emergency evacuation and take advantage of the hospital＇huge space to land aircraft.Last,from the perspective of research methods,WVD is more efficient in taking into consideration the emergency capacity of emergency shelter than OVD.