论英国国王理查三世的形象变迁——历史学家和莎士比亚《理查三世》的影响

On the Changes of Image of Richard Ⅲ——The Historical Records and the Shakespearian Play Richard Ⅲ

历史上的英国国王理查三世在位只有短短两年时间,是位开明的君主。可是他去世后在人们的心目中却变成了谋权篡位的野心家,人神共愤的暴君。本文从莎士比亚剧本《理查三世》创作的资料来源,时代背景和剧中人物的刻画探讨了理查三世的形象变化,并得出了他从历史上受人尊敬的国王到成为暴君的原因。

The English King Richard Ⅲ was on the throne for only two year and was respected as an enlightened king in history.However,his image evolved into that of an ambitious schemer and a villain after his death.This article has traced the dramatic changes of his image from the sources in which Shakespeare drew,the historical background and the description of the character in the play.A conclusion is drawn that the chronicles,Tudor myth and the play helped form the stereotyped image.