阿尔比戏剧中显性与隐性的平行创伤叙事

On Overt and Covert Parallel Trauma Narrative in Albee's Dramas

美国戏剧家阿尔比的戏剧大多以戏谑的笔调展现现代人的心理创伤,创伤随着剧情发展一层层地剥离出来,但读者同时也能感受到人物创伤的抚慰和治愈。本文基于创伤理论和叙事学理论,以《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙?》、《海景》和《三个高个子女人》为例,发现阿尔比的戏剧通过显性情节叙事表现人与家庭、自然和自我关系在崇尚工具理性的现代文明中产生的集体创伤;同时,通过隐性进程叙事帮助人物治愈创伤。这两条叙事平行贯穿于阿尔比的戏剧中,使读者感受创伤获得共鸣并在无形中得到创伤的宣泄、洗涤和治愈。

American dramatist Albee＇s works mostly present us absurd and tragic stories of characters whose traumatic experiences,caused by material-oriented and instrumental rational modern civilization,are ruthlessly exposed to the audience.However,the main characters gain hopes and understandings for life at the end of the story.This paper,based on theories of Trauma and Narrotology,finds Albee employs overt plot to present modern men＇s psychological trauma,with Who＇s Afraid of Virginia Woolf？,Seascape and The Three Tall Women as examples.Meanwhile,he also applies covert progression to provide the characters and readers with a therapy of trauma.These two narratives parallel in his plays to help modern men heal their collective trauma.