列宁对革命时期立宪会议的态度及逻辑

Lenin's Attitude and Logic Concerning the Constituent Assembly in the Revolutionary Period

列宁对立宪会议的态度根源于其对革命性质的界定。二月革命后,革命新阶段介于民主革命和社会主义革命之间并朝向社会主义革命过渡的性质,决定了列宁坚持在以苏维埃为保证的基础上对立宪会议的支持态度。十月革命后,社会主义革命利益的至上性又使得列宁解散不服从的立宪会议。无产阶级专政一方面扩大了民主,另一方面又是走向真正民主的必要暴力工具,以无产阶级专政的暴力手段解散立宪会议符合社会主义革命利益。但是,无产阶级专政的适用阶段只能是政治上的过渡时期。

Lenin＇s attitude towards the Constituent Assembly stems from his definition of the nature of revolution. After the February Revolution, the new phase of the revolution, which was then between the democratic revolution and the socialist revolution and was transitioning to a socialist revolution, determined Lenin＇s support of the Constituent Assembly on the basis of the Soviet guarantee. After the October Revolution, the overriding interests of the socialist revolution in turn caused Lenin to dissolve the dissenting Constitutional Assembly, On the one hand, the dictatorship of the proletariat has expanded democracy; and on the other hand, it has been an indispensable tool of violence for moving toward genuine democracy. It is in the interest of the socialist revolution to dissolve the Constituent Assembly through the violent acts of the proletarian dictatorship. However, the applicable stage of the dictatorship of the proletariat can only be the political transitional period.