二氧化碳捕获固体吸附剂的研究进展

Research progress of solid adsorbent for CO_2 capture

采用吸附法降低电厂烟道气中CO_2浓度,关键在于吸附容量大、选择性高、再生能耗低的吸附剂的开发。本文综述了炭基吸附剂、分子筛、金属氧化物、氨基吸附剂以及金属有机骨架材料5种主要的CO_2固体吸附剂最新的研究进展,具体阐述了这几种吸附剂的物理和化学性质,列举了这些吸附剂在燃烧后捕获CO_2应用过程中的吸附性能、存在的问题以及改进的措施。重点探讨了金属-有机骨架材料作为烟气气氛下CO_2吸附剂的应用前景,这种吸附剂具有比表面积大、孔容大、孔隙率高、结构可调等优点,分析表明这是一种极具潜力的CO_2吸附剂。为提高其在烟气环境下的CO_2吸附性能,作者概括总结了4种主要的改性措施,为从事这个领域的工作者扩展了思路。

Post-combustion CO2 capture is of paramount importance in CO2 capture and storagetechnology. As a common post-combustion method, solid adsorbents possess advantage of lowenergy consumption, low corrosion, and favorable regenerability as well as simple devices. Itexerts great influence in the realization of CO2-reduction targets. The key of using adsorptionmethod to eliminate the CO2 concentration is that the research ~ development of adsorbent withlarge adsorption capacity, high selectivity, and lower energy consumption. This paper focuses onrecent research progress of carbon-based adsorbents, zeolites, metal-oxide, amino-adsorbents,and metal-organic frameworks （MOFs）. We mainly elaborate the physical and chemicalproperties and enumerate CO2 adsorption properties in practice, existing problems and theimprovement measures of these adsorbents. Besides, this paper emphases on the applicationprospect of metal-organic frameworks in the flue gas. It is shown that MOFs are promisingadsorbents due to its high specific area, large pore volume, high porosity, structuretunability. In order to improve the CO2 adsorption properties of MOFs, four modificationmethods are summarized in this paper. It extends idea for the worker who will engaged in researchand development of CO2 adsorbents.