稻草秸秆综纤维素糖化液发酵产头孢菌素C的研究

Research on the fermentation of cephalosporin C by holocellulose hydrolyte of rice straw

目前头孢菌素C等抗生素的发酵碳源主要是源自玉米、小麦和甘薯等的工业淀粉,存在着"与人争粮"的危机,而利用资源丰富的木质纤维素类生物质资源作为替代碳源,是应对这一危机的有益尝试。利用稻草综纤维素糖化液作为速效碳源,综纤维素-纤维素酶体系作为持续碳源,在综纤维素含量为40g/L、纤维素酶量为0.4%、硫酸铵10g/L、玉米浆添加量为60g/L以及初始pH为6.0时,顶头孢霉(Cephalosporium acremonium)CPCC 400039发酵产CPC效价最高,为382.12U/mL,为标准培养基最佳效价的84.04%。研究结果进一步证实,经SO_3微热爆预处理的稻草秸秆,在纤维素酶的水解糖化作用下所得的糖化液,不仅葡萄糖含量高而且糠醛、乙酸等发酵抑制物含量低,完全可以应用于头孢菌素C等抗生素乃至工业生物发酵中,作为原料丰富且廉价的碳源替代物。

The cephalosporin C （CPC） and other antibiotics fermentation face the foodstuffcompetition problem with human beings, as the carbon sources derived from corn, wheat andsweet potato starch. It is a beneficial attempt to deal with this problem by using abundantlignocellulosic biomass as the substitution of starch. Rice straw holocellulose hydrolyte was usedas available carbon source and the mixture of holocellulose and cellulase was continuous carbonsource in fermentation medium. While holocellulose content, cellulase dosage, （NH4）2SO4amount, corn syrup addition and the initial pH were 40g/L, 0.4%, 10g/L, 60g/L and 6.0,respectively, the fermentation of Cephalosporium acremonium CPCC 400039 attained themaximum CPC yield, 382.12U/mL, 84.04% of the yield in the standard medium. Also, thisstudy further confirmed that rice straw pretreated with SO3micro-thermal explosion could beutilized as an carbon source alternative to the cephalosporin C and other antibiotics fermentationas well as other industrial fermentation, due to the high glucose content and the negligiblecontent of furfural and other by-products in holocellulose hydrolyte of the pretreated rice straw.