基于噪声事件的道路交通噪声评价新进展

New Progress of Road Traffic Noise Assessment Based on Noise Events

传统噪声指标以能量等效计算为基础,对道路交通噪声的动态性难以准确反映,存在一定局限。近年来随技术的进步,基于噪声事件(Noise Events)的指标得以提出,并完善了评价体系。噪声事件指明显区别于背景噪声的声音片段,在道路交通噪声控制中,可促使对交通流有针对性的干预,降低噪声烦恼度。首先论述噪声事件对人在睡眠障碍、情绪干扰及行为干扰三方面的影响;随后分类综述既有道路交通中噪声事件的评价指标和应用,重点介绍近期所取得的进展;最后明确指标体系的适用范围。因其受交通结构、交通组织及管理等因素影响较大,目前以欧洲为主体的研究未必适合我国,亟需有针对性的重点研究,统一评价标准,为交通噪声精准的管控与改善提供技术支持。

The traditional noise index is based on energy equivalent calculation, which is difficult to accurately reflect the dynamic performance of road traffic noise, has some limitations. In recent years, with the progress of technology, the index based on noise events has been put forward and improved the evaluation system. Noise events refers to sound fragments which is obviously different from the background noise. In the road traffic noise control, it can direct the traffic flow to be ntervened to reduce the noise annoyance. Firstly, the effects of noise events on sleep disturbance, emotional disturbance md behavioral disturbance were discussed. Then, the existing road traffic noise events evaluation index and applications vere reviewed, focusing on recent progress. Finally, the scope of application of the index was clarified. Because of great af- ected by the traffic structure, traffic organization and management, the research in Europe maybe not suitable for China, so t is urgent to unify the evaluation standard in China, so as to provide technical support for the traffic noise control.