高速铁路货运动车组开行效益分析研究

Economic Analysis of High-speed Rail Freight Transportation

高速铁路正提供着巨大的输送能力,若从事货物运输必然能促进我国社会快递物流的蓬勃发展。本文通过快递市场以及高速铁路线路参数的研究分析,确定货运动车组开行的市场定位、速度等级、载货量等问题,确定了货运动车组的开行方式。基于此,着重研究了货运动车组开行所带来的运输企业效益。研究发现,同公路运输相比,即使以公路运输的收益率来计算货运动车组的收益效益,也比客运专列开行的收益高一些;同航空运输相比较,当货运率低至53%时,为保证货运动车组收益同等于客运专列,其运价率方与航空运价率相同;通过对物流快递分析,确定了货运动车组的所适运的货物时间价值。结果表明货运动车组开行对铁路运输企业具有相当的效益,这对运输企业的收益有一定的促进意义,同时也为货运动车组开行提供一些参考意义。

High-speed railway is providing a huge transport capacity. It can promote the development of social express logistics in China by taking part in freight transportation. This paper determines the market position,speed rating,cargo volume of freight EMU by analyzing the express market and high-speed rail lines＇ parameters. This paper studies on the freight EMU benefit for transport companies. The research shows that,the freight EMU is more profitable than passenger EMU based on the freight price of road transport; Besides,based on air freight price,the freight EMU is more profitable than passenger EMU while the shipping rate is higher than 53%. Through the analysis of logistics express, the paper determines proper time value of goods transported by freight EMU trains. The result shows that the freight train operation has considerable benefit to railway transportation enterprises,which means a positive impact on transportation enterprises ＇ income,and it also provides some significant reference for the operation of freight EMU trains.