云南粳稻主栽品种的香味基因鉴定和不同检测方法的比较分析

Identification of Fragrance Gene and Comparative Analysis of Different Detection Methods of Main Japonica Rice Cultivars in Yunnan

本研究利用四引物等位基因扩增受阻突变体系PCR技术,结合KOH和咀嚼判定法,分析了86份云南粳稻主栽品种和2份对照粳稻品种的香味特性和香味基因的存在情况和基因型。研究结果表明:三种方法共检测到10个品种具有香味或携带香味基因(badh2),但三种方法的鉴定结果存在差异性。其中5个品种三种方法均能检测到香味并携带香味基因(badh2),2个品种用KOH法检测到香味但不携带香味基因(badh2),1个品种用KOH法检测到香味且携带香味基因(badh2),1个品种用咀嚼法检测到香味并携带香味基因(badh2),1个品种用KOH法和咀嚼法都未检测到香味但携带有香味基因(badh2)。PCR扩增DNA检测结果分析所有材料共出现3种香味基因型,即非香型Badh2/Badh2、杂合型Badh2/badh2和香型badh2/badh2。香味基因(badh2)在所分析云南粳稻主栽品种中出现的频率仅为8.1%,香味性状受badh2等位基因控制,且都为云粳系列的品种。研究发现将四引物等位基因扩增受阻突变体系PCR技术和咀嚼法相结合,可以提高香味性状的选择效率和准确性。

In this research, we used four-primers allelic gene amplification mutation system PCR technique combined with KOH and chewing determination method to analyze the fragrance traits, the existence of fragrance gene and genotype of 86 main japonica rice cultivars in Yunnan and 2 control japonica rice cultivars. The results showed that ten cultivars with fragrance or fragrance gene（badh2） had been detected by these three methods, but the results of each method were different. Five cultivars were detected with fragrance and fragrance genes（badh2）by these three methods, two cultivars were detected with fragrance but without fragrance genes（badh2） by KOH,one cultivar was detected with fragrance and fragrance genes（ badh2） by KOH, one cultivar was detected with fragrance and fragrance genes（badh2） by chewing, and one cultivar was detected with fragrance genes（badh2） but without fragrance by KOH and chewing. The results of PCR amplification of DNA detection showed that there were three types of fragrance genotype, which were non-fragrant type Badh2/Badh2, heterozygous type Badh2/badh2, and fragrant type badh2/badh2. The occurrence frequency of the fragrance gene badh2 in 86 main cultivars of japonica rice from Yunnan was only 8.1%, the fragrance traits were controlled by the badh2 allele gene, and all these varieties belong to the series of Yunjing japonica rice. We found that combining four-primers allelic gene amplification mutation system PCR technique with chewing determination method might improve the efficiency and accuracy in selection of fragrance traits.