糯玉米自交系氨基酸聚类及杂种优势分析

Analysis of Amino Acid Clustering and Heterosis in Waxy Inbred Lines

本试验利用HPLC法对136份糯玉米自交系中游离氨基酸的组成及含量进行测定后,对136份糯玉米自交系进行类群划分。通过UPGMA方法将糯玉米自交系的17种游离氨基酸总含量划分为4大类。第Ⅰ类包含33个自交系,其游离氨基酸平均值1.29 mg/g;第Ⅱ类包含3个自交系,其游离氨基酸平均值1.17 mg/g;第Ⅲ类包含95个自交系,其游离氨基酸平均值1.44 mg/g;第Ⅳ类包含5个自交系,其游离氨基酸平均值1.60 mg/g;同上,8种必需氨基酸总含量可划分为4大类。第Ⅰ类包含60个自交系,其必须氨基酸平均值1.14 mg/g;第Ⅱ类包含8个自交系,其必须氨基酸平均值1.02 mg/g;第Ⅲ类包含57个自交系,其必须氨基酸平均值1.24 mg/g;第Ⅳ类包含11个自交系,其必须氨基酸平均值1.34 mg/g。综合两次聚类结果:Ⅰ~Ⅳ类群亲本间遗传距离较远,获得较强的杂种优势,而类群内杂种优势呈一定的负向优势。

The purpose of this study was according to study the amino acid contents of 136 waxy inbred lines to analyze the amino acid clustering and heterosis of waxy inbred lines, which provided reference for cultivating high quality amino acid waxy. The composition and contents of free amino acids in 136 waxy inbred lines were determined by HPLC. 136 waxy inbred lines were divided into three groups. The UPGMA method was used to classify 17 total free amino acids in waxy inbred lines into four groups. The first group contained 33 inbred lines with an average free amino acid value of 1.29 mg/g, 8.51% lower than the average of 1.41 mg/g. The second group contained three inbred lines with an average free amino acid value of 1.17 mg/g, which was 17.02% lower than the total average value. The third group contained 95 inbred lines with an average of 1.44 mg/g of free amino acids,which was 2.31% higher than the total average. The fourth group contained five inbred lines, amino acid average was 1.60 mg/g, the average increased 13.48%; Ibid, the total contents of 8 kinds of essential amino acids can be divided into four categories. The first type contains 60 inbred lines, the average amino acid value of 1.14 mg/g,which was 28.30% lower than the average value of 1.59 mg/g. The second group contained 8 inbred lines whose average amino acid value was 1.02 mg/g, which was 35.85% lower than the total average value. The third group contained 57 inbred lines with the average amino acid value of 1.24 mg/g, which was 22.01% lower than the total average value. The fourth group contained 11 inbred lines, Amino acid average was 1.34 mg/g, lower than the overall average of 15.72%. The genetic distances among Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ groups were far away, and obtained strong heterosis, while the heterosis in-group showed a negative advantage.