新生儿重症监护病房实行家庭参与式管理模式对早产儿母婴身心健康的影响

Effects of family integrated care in neonatal intensive care unit on physical and mental health of premature infants and their mothers

目的 探讨家庭参与式综合管理（family integrated care,FIcare）对新生儿重症监护病房（neonatal intensive care unit,NICU）早产儿疾病和母亲身心健康的影响.方法 选择2016年1-12月我科NICU收治的出生体重1000-2000 g、胎龄26-34周且生命体征相对平稳的早产儿,随机分为FIcare组和对照组,观察FIcare组和对照组早产儿疾病情况及母亲抑郁和焦虑评分.结果 FIcare组与对照组各纳入40例,两组性别、胎龄、出生体重及入组时日龄、体重、母乳喂养情况、母亲抑郁和焦虑评分差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;出院时,FIcare组母乳喂养率和体重高于对照组[90.0%比52.5%,（2258±112）g比（2105±103）g],住院天数、住院费用、箱式吸氧时间、经鼻持续气道正压通气时间及母亲抑郁评分、焦虑评分均低于对照组[（42.0±15.7）d比（43.5±14.3）d,（4.0±1.8）万元比（4.4±1.9）万元,（10.4±5.7）d比（11.7±7.9）d,（7.2±4.3）d比（8.1±5.0）d,（48.7±3.0）分比（57.6±2.7）分,（49.4±1.1）分比（61.1±1.9）分],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 FIcare有利于NICU早产儿疾病恢复,有利于母亲身心健康.

Objective To study the effects of family integrated care （ FIcare ） in the neonatal intensive care unit （ NICU） on preterm infants and their mothers′physical and mental health.Method From Jan 2016 to Dec 2016, preterm infants（birth weight 1000-2000 g;gestational age 26-34 weeks stabilized in NICU were randomly assigned into two groups：FIcare group and control group .The incidences of major diseases in infants , their mothers′depression score and anxiety score were studied .Result A total of 40 infants were assigned into two groups respectively .No significant differences existed between the two groups in gender , gestational age , brith weight , age, breastfeeding rate and their mothers′depression score and anxiety score （P〉0.05）.At discharge, the breastfeeding rate （90.0%vs.52.5%） and weight gain [（2258 ±112） g vs.（2105 ±103） g] of the FIcare group were significantly higher than the control group, and the hospital stay duration [（42.0 ±15.7） d vs.（43.5 ±14.3） d], hospitalization expenses [（40,000 ±18,000） RMB vs.（44,000 ±19,000） RMB], oxygen therapy duration [（10.4 ±5.7） d vs. （11.7 ±7.9） d], CPAP duration [（7.2 ±4.3） d vs.（8.1 ±5.0） d], mothers′depression score [（48.7 ±3.0） vs.（57.6 ±2.7）] and anxiety score [（49.4 ±1.1） vs.（61.1 ±1.9）]of the FIcare group were significantly lower than the control group （ P 〈0.05 ） . Conclusion Family-integrated care is beneficial for the recovery of preterm infants and their mother′s physical and mental health .