理性增量、文化存量与政治社会化过程--转型期中国公众民主观念成因的实证分析

Rational Increment, Cultural Stock and Political Socialization Process: An Empirical Analysis on the Cause of the Public Conception of Democracy in Transitional China

公众对民主的认知、理解与诉求直接关系到民主政治建设的目标、定位与方向,探寻公众民主观念的成因具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。本文基于"增量-存量-过程"的整合性分析框架,对转型期中国公众民主观念形成及演变原因提出了系统性解释,并利用全国代表性样本调查数据进行了实证检验。研究表明,转型期中国公众的民主观念同时受到"结构论"层面的现代化因素、政治文化因素和"机制论"层面的政治社会化因素的影响,理性增量、文化存量与政治社会化过程分别构成了转型期中国公众民主观念生成和演变的"动力-约束"宏观结构与"濡化"中观机制。

The public cognition, understanding and demand of democracy has a profound effect on the orientation of democratic politics construction, thus exploring the cause of which has important theoretical value and practical significance. Based on an integrated analytical framework of Increment-Stock-Process,this article puts forward a systematic explanation, and conducts empirical test using nationwide survey data.The research indicates that the public conception of democracy in transitional China is determined not only by the structural factors of modernization and political culture, but also by the mechanism factors of political socialization. In conclusion, rational increment and cultural stock plays the role as dynamic and constraint respectively in macro-structure level, while political socialization plays the role as acculturation process in intermediate mechanism level.