个体与社会的弥合——论A·吉登斯的反射性理论

The Healing of the Individual and Society——the Reflexive Theory of A·Giddens

本文阐述了吉登斯反射性理论的基本内容并揭示其内在的要旨——个体与社会的弥合。反射性理论的要旨:世界是在人类的连续性的创造中生成和发展的,人类既有的生成内容是对世界进行新的创造的基础和条件。社会是通过主客观的双向交汇而成的,是社会的硬件(如各种社会的机构)和社会的软件(人的主观能动性)交互作用的产物,是现实的人把主观性和客观性最终建构成一体——社会。个体对自身、对社会、对世界的自我认同是其生理健康、社会生活健康和社会政治健康的原子性基础。人们为了自身美好的生活而不断创造着世界,世界在主客体的相互反射中被不断人化,社会在主客体的相互反射中被不断弥合,个体在主客体的相互反射中被不断教化。

This paper expatiates and reveals its inherent essence in the reflection theory, social constitution theory and self-identity theory of A·Giddens, that is the healing of the individual and society. The main point of reflection theory is the creation and development of the world in the creation of human continuity. The content of human beings that produce the world is the basis and condition for the new creation of the world. The main point of the theory of social composition is that the society is formed through the intersection of subjective and objective parallel lines, it is the product of social hardware(such as institutions of various societies) and social software(human initiative) interaction, it is the reality that the subjectivity and objectivity are finally built into one-society. The main thrust of self-identity theory is in the existence of the social existence of 'alienation', people's identity to themselves, society and the world is the atomic basis of their physical health, social life health and social and political health. People create the world for their own good life constantly, the world is constantly humanized in the subjective and objective reflection, the society is bridged in the subjective and objective reflection of each other constantly, the individual is taught in the subjective and objective reflection constantly.