正常成人声门旁间隙的超声研究

Study on paraglottic space in normal adults by ultrasonography

目的应用高频超声观察正常成人声门旁间隙(PGS)的超声显示情况并测量其正常厚度。方法选取正常成人240例,其中男、女各120例,共480侧PGS,根据其年龄分为18~44岁组105例、45~59岁组87例及≥60岁组48例。根据甲状软骨板的骨化程度,选取室带和声带平面作为超声参考平面,将声像图上软骨板骨化灶长度"小于软骨板1/3全长"、"介于1/3与1/2全长"、"大于1/2全长",分别对应于PGS"优"、"良"、"差"的显示情况,再对PGS超声显示为"优"和"良"者进行厚度测量。结果各组室带平面PGS显示优于声带平面,且不因年龄、性别而异;随着年龄增加,PGS超声显示质量逐渐降低。室带平面测量男性PGS厚度为(2.24±0.25)mm,女性为(2.10±0.31)mm,声带平面测量男性PGS厚度为(1.69±0.21)mm,女性为(1.61±0.26)mm,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);且PGS厚度也随着年龄增加而增长。结论高频超声在室带和声带平面能显示大部分正常成人的PGS并可测量其厚度,中青年女性在室带平面显示和测量PGS尤佳。

Objective To investigate the visualization capability of high-frequency ultrasound in adult paraglottic space（PGS）and measure the depth of PGS at the planes of ventricular band and vocal cord.Methods Two hundreds and forty adults were enrolled in this study,including 120 men and 120 women,and divided into 18~44 years old group（n=105）,45~59 years old group（n=87）,and ≥60 years old group（n=48）.The visualization capability of the PGS was evaluated at the planes of ventricular band and vocal cord,by grading criteria of ＂excellent＂,＂good＂,and ＂poor＂according to the degree of thyroid cartilage calcifications.The depth of PGS was measured in adults with visualization capability categorized as ＂excellent＂and＂good＂.Results The visualization capability of the PGS was better in the plane of ventricular band than that of vocal cord.The visualization capability of the PGS was degraded with age increased.PGS was thicker in the planes of ventricular band than that of vocal cord[（male adults：（2.24±0.25）mm vs.（1.69±0.21）mm,female adults：（2.10±0.31）mm vs.（1.61±0.26）mm,all P〈0.01）].The thickness of PGS was increased with age increased.Conclusion The PGS could be well visualized in most normal adults by high-frequency ultrasound.At the plane of ventricular band,the young and middle-aged female had better visualization quality of PGS.