某社区0～36月龄常规体检婴幼儿贫血情况分析

Anemia Analysis of Infants in Regular Physical Examination at 0～36 Months in a Community

目的:了解某社区0~36月龄常规免费体检婴幼儿的贫血情况,为婴幼儿贫血的防治工作提供借鉴和帮助。方法:选取2016年1月~12月期间在某社区健康服务中心接受免费儿童保健的1000例0~36月龄婴幼儿作为研究对象,采集体检婴幼儿的指尖末梢血作为检测标本,对其外周血液中的血红蛋白浓度进行检测,并对其进行贫血诊断分析。结果:1000例0~36月龄婴幼儿中,检出贫血的婴幼儿共有391例,贫血患病率为39.10%。在年龄方面,6月龄婴幼儿的贫血患病率为54.49%,12月龄婴幼儿的患病率为43.63%,24月龄婴幼儿的患病率为35.22%,36月龄婴幼儿的患病率为29.30%,随着月龄的增长,婴幼儿的贫血患病率逐渐下降。在性别方面,男性婴幼儿与女性婴幼儿的贫血患病率比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。在喂养方式方面,母乳喂养婴幼儿的贫血患病率为30.88%,人工喂养婴幼儿的贫血患病率为52.80%,二者比较,存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:某社区0~36月龄常规免费体检婴幼儿的贫血患病率与全国婴幼儿水平相对一致,其患病率会随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降,而喂养方式是影响婴幼儿贫血的主要因素,儿童保健机构应加大母乳喂养的宣传力度,积极改善婴幼儿的膳食结构,以减少婴幼儿贫血的发生。

Objective： To understand the anemia status of infants with routine free physical examination at 0-36 months old in a community, and to provide reference and help for the prevention and treatment of anemia in infants. Methods： 1000 cases of infants who accepted 0-36 months free health care in the community health service center during 2016 were regarded as the research object. Then the peripheral blood of infants fingertips was collected as samples and the hemoglobin concentration in peripheral blood were detected for the diagnosis of anemia. Results： There were 391 eases of anemia in infants in the 1000 infants aged 0-36 months, and the prevalence of anemia was 39.10%. In terms of age, the prevalence rate of infants aged 6 months was 54.49% . The prevalence rate for 12 months was 43.63%. The prevalence rate of infants aged 24 months was 35.22% and the figure for infants aged 36 months was 29.30%. With the growth of months, the prevalence of infant anemia decreased gradually. In terms of gender, there were no statistically significant differences in anemia prevalence between male infants and female infants （P〉0.05）. In the way of feeding, the prevalence of anemia among infants with breast nursing was 30.88%, and the prevalence rate of anemia in artificial feeding infants was 52.80%. There were significant differences between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion. The prevalence of anemia for 0-36 month old infants in the community is relatively consistent with the national level of infants. The prevalence increased with age and decreased gradually, and the feeding mode is the main factor affecting the infant anemia, child care should promote the importance of breast nurs- ing, and improve the diet of infants actively in order to reduce the rate of anemia in infants.