试论素质与素质教育

Study on Quality and Essential-qualities-oriented Education

素质教育是基于素质的教育,素质是研究素质教育不可回避的核心概念。一般而言,素质是指在人的先天禀赋的基础上,在外部环境和教育因素的共同作用下,逐步形成和发展起来的、内在的、相对稳定的身心组织结构及其质量水平。外部环境、教育因素和社会实践对素质的形成与发展产生重要影响。人的素质具有质、量和结构三个方面的维度,它以特定方式从根本上规定了素质的性质、程度和功能。素质教育的宏观路径主要包括三个方面:一是以提升人的生存与发展所需的基本素质的基础性教育,二是以人的身心组织结构特点为基础的个性教育,三是以社会生产和社会分工为基础的专业性教育。

Essential-qualities-oriented（EQO）education is education mainly based on quality,which is the core concept of the EQO education.Generally speaking,qualityrefers to the inherent,relatively stable physical and mental organization structure and its quality level which is formed and developed gradually on the basis of the person’s innate endowment,as well as the external environment and the function of education factors.The external environment,education and social practice are of great influence on the formation and development of quality.The quality of people has three dimensions.Those are,quality,quantity and structure,which define the nature and level as well as functions of the＂quality＂fundamentally in a particular way.The macro path of EQO education mainly includes three aspects：1）elementary education that is to promote the basic quality for people’s survival and development;2）personality education which is based on people’s physical and mental organization structure characteristics;and,3）professional education on the basis of social production and social division of labor.