壳寡糖对断奶仔猪免疫力及相关理化指标的影响

Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Immunity and Relative Physiological and Biochemical Indices of Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在探讨壳寡糖对断奶仔猪免疫力及相关理化指标的影响。试验选用21日龄"杜长大"杂交断奶仔猪256头,随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复16头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加50、100和150 g/t壳寡糖的饲粮。预试期7 d,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组血清谷草转氨酶活性分别降低了26.71%(P<0.01)、7.56%(P>0.05)和16.64%(P<0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶活性分别降低了47.26%(P<0.05)、47.28%(P<0.01)和21.88%(P>0.05),血清碱性磷酸酶活性分别提高了6.37%、16.78%和1.24%(P>0.05);试验组血清总蛋白含量均高于对照组(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组血清免疫球蛋白A含量分别提高了45.40%(P<0.05)、2.62%(P>0.05)和137.26%(P<0.01);试验1组和试验2组血清免疫球蛋白G含量分别较对照组提高了4.47%和10.92%(P>0.05),血清免疫球蛋白M含量分别比对照组提高了9.29%和5.69%(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α含量分别提高了51.76%(P<0.01)、29.42%(P>0.05)和88.29%(P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,试验组血清伪狂犬、猪瘟、蓝耳抗体效价均有不同程度提高,其中试验3组血清伪狂犬和蓝耳抗体效价显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中添加适宜壳寡糖能一定程度提高断奶仔猪能体液免疫与细胞免疫能力以及血清抗体效价,缓解断奶应激。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide （COS） on the immu- nity and relative physiological and biochemical indices of weaned piglets. A total of 256 Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates each and 16 piglets per replicate. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, and piglets in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 g/t COS, respectively. The trial lasted for 28 days after 7 days pre-experiment. The results showed as follows： 1 ） compare with the control group, the glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activities of pigs in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 were decreased by 26.71% （P〈 0.01）, 7.56% （P〉0.05） and 16.64% （P〈0.05）, the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities of pigs in experimental groups were decreased by 47.26% （P〈0.05）, 47.28% （P〈0.01） and 21.88% （P〉0.05）, and serum alkaline phosphatase activities of pigs in experimental groups were increased by 6.37%, 16.78% and 1.24% （P〉0.05）, respectively. The serum total protein content of pigs in experimental groups was higher than that in the control group （P〉0.05 . 2 ） Compare with the control group, the serum immunoglobulin A content of pigs in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 was increased by 45.40% （ P 〈 0.05）, 2.62% （ P 〉 0.05 ） and 137.26% （P〈0.01） ; the serum ammunoglobulin G content of pigs in experimental groups 1 and 2 was in- creased by 4.47% and 10.92% （P〉0.05）, and the serum immunoglobulin M content of pigs in experimental groups 1 and 2 was increased by 9.29% and 5.69% （P〉0.05）. Compare with the control group, the serum tumor necrosis factor-o~ content of pigs in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 was increased by 51.76% （P〈 0.01 ） , 29.42% （P〉O.05） and 88.29% （P〈O.O1）, respectively. 3） Compare with the control group, the se- rum antibody titers of pseudorabies virus, classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syn- drome of pigs in experimental groups were increased in dorabies virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory different degrees, and the serum antibody titers of pseu- syndrome of pigs in experimental group 3 were signifi- cantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, dietary COS in optimum dose can in- crease the ability of humoral immunity and cellular immunity as well as the serum antibody titer of weaned pig- lets, thus alleviates the stress caused by weaning.