饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌或粪肠球菌对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响

Effects of Dietary Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faecalis on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Nitrogen Metabolism of Minks during Growing Period

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌或粪肠球菌对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选取60日龄、健康、雄性水貂70只,平均体重为(957.37±93.96)g,随机分成7组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中添加1×10~9、1×10^(10)和1×10^(11)CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌,Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ组分别在基础饲粮中添加1×108、1×10~9和1×10^(10)CFU/kg粪肠球菌。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ组的末重显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组的平均日采食量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),各组间平均日增重和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的干物质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ组(P<0.05);Ⅴ组的蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅶ组(P<0.05);各组间脂肪消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的粪氮含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的尿氮含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。各试验组的氮沉积均高于Ⅰ组,但是差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的净蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组的蛋白质生物学价值显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。由此可见,育成期水貂饲粮中添加1×10^(10)CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×10~8CFU/kg粪肠球菌时,水貂的生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值较为理想。

This experiment w as conducted to study the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faecalis on grow th performance,nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of minks during grow ing period.The experiment w as designed using a single factor complete randomized trial.Seventy healthy male 60-day-age minks w ith average w eight of（957.37±93.96）g w ere randomly divided into 7 groups w ith 10 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate.GroupⅠ（control group）w as fed a basal diet,groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣw ere fed the basal diet supplemented w ith 1×10~9,1×10^（10）and 1×10^（11）CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis,and groupsⅤ,ⅥandⅦwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 1×10~8,1×10~9and 1×10^（10）CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis,respectively.The adaptation period lasted for 7 days and the formal trial period lasted for 60 days.The results show ed as follow s：1）the final w eight of groupⅢw as significantly higher than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）,the average daily feed intake of groupⅥw as significantly low er than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）,the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio had no significant difference among all groups（P0.05）.2）The dry matter digestibility of groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅤw as significantly higher than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）,and the dry matter digestibility of groupⅤw as significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,Ⅳ,ⅥandⅦ（P0.05）;the protein digestibility of groupⅤw as significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅦ（P0.05）,the fat digestibility had no significant difference among all groups（P0.05）.3）The fecal nitrogen content of groupsⅣ,ⅤandⅥwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）,the urinary nitrogen content of groupsⅤandⅥwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）.The nitrogen deposition of test groups was higher than that of groupⅠ,but had no significant difference（P0.05）.The net protein utilization of groupsⅢandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）,and the biological value of protein of groupⅢw as significantly higher than that of groupⅠ（P0.05）.In conclusion,w hen dietary supplemented w ith 1×10^（10）CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×10~8CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis,the grow th performance,nutrient digestibility,nitrogen deposition,net protein utilization and biological value of protein of minks are more preferably.