重穗型水稻品种物质积累及转运特性研究

Characteristics of dry matter accumulation and transportation in heavy panicle hybrid rice

为研究重穗型杂交水稻的物质积累及转运特性,以冈优188、菲优188、蓉18优188、金优188、福伊188、川绿优188、成丰优188等生产上广泛应用的所有乐恢188系列重穗型水稻品种为试材,以Ⅱ优838作对照,研究重穗型水稻品种干物质积累、转运与产量的关系。结果表明:乐恢188系列重穗型水稻品种之间在产量性状和物质积累方面具有显著差异,该系列组合穗大粒多,平均穗长25.33 cm,平均穗着粒数205.80粒,平均产量达10.39 t/hm^2,较对照高13.44%,差异均达显著水平;乐恢188系列品种不同生育时期营养器官干物质的积累量和抽穗后穗的干物质量均显著高于对照品种,孕穗后各生育时期营养器官干物质积累量分别较对照高31.40%、14.11%、23.52%、14.79%,抽穗和成熟期穗干重分别较对照高38.31%和19.38%。相关性分析表明,该系列品种营养生长期的物质积累与产量显著正相关,影响乐恢188系列重穗型水稻品种产量的主要因子是灌浆期穗重,因此生产上在注重前期田管的同时,必须加强后期肥水管理,保证灌浆充足。

To study the matter accumulation and transportation characteristics of heavy panicle hybrid rice,taking Gangyou 188,Feiyou 188,Rong18 you188,Jinyou 188,Fuyi188,Chuanlvyou188 and Chengfengyou 188 widely used in the production of all Lehui 188 series of heavy panicle rice varieties as the object,and taking Ⅱyou 838 as the control,studing the relationship between dry matter accumulation,transport and yield of heavy panicle rice varieties.The results showed that there were significant differences in yield characters and substance accumulation among Lehui 188 series of varieties.The yield of the series combination was significantly higher than that of control varieties(combination of the average yield reached 10.39 t/hm^2,increased by 13.44%),the reason for yield increase mainly in the series combination of big panicle(the average panicle length 25.33 cm,average panicle 205.80 grains/panicle).Accumulation of dry matter in vegetative organs at different growth stages and the dry matter quality of panicle after heading of Lehui 188 series varieties was significantly higher than that of CK(At booting stage,the dry matter accumulation in vegetative organs increased by 31.40%,14.11%,23.52% and 14.79% compared with CK,respectively.The dry weight of panicle and mature stage increased by 38.31% and 19.38%,respectively,compared with CK.).The accumulation of matter in vegetative growth stage was positively correlated with the yield of this series.The main factor affecting the yield of Lehui 188 series heavy panicle rice varieties is grain weight at grain filling stage.Therefore,in the production,it should not only pay attention to the field management in the early stage,but also strengthen the management of water and fertilizer in the later period to ensure adequate grouting.