“妓女弹词”与晚清时期上海娱乐文化的建构

Prostitute Storyteller and Shanghai's Entertainment Culture in the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清时期,苏州评弹与妓女群体结合而成"妓女弹词"。她们在上海租界的社会环境中勃兴与衰落,先后与传统文人、新兴商人阶层发生密切互动关系。她们的公众形象的确立与塑造过程,均有传统文人的积极参与,集中反映在品评色艺层次和开办"书仙花榜"之中。日常生活中,她们与传统文人的交往是昔日士大夫娱乐文化在上海租界的延续;她们与新兴商人阶层的结盟,又开启了以商业化为特色的娱乐文化。这在传统文人看来是一种文化的"背叛",也体现了传统文人在上海租界变动环境中身份认同的矛盾和无奈。

In the late Qing Dynasty,the Suzhou Pingtan was combined with prostitutes, who became prostitute storytellers. Their growth and decline in the social environment of the Shanghai concession had a close interac-tion with the traditional literati and the emerging merchant class. The establishment and shaping process of their public image had the active participation of the traditional literati, which was refected in the evaluation of the art level and the founding of “Shu Xian Hua Bang”. In their daily life, their interaction with the traditional literati was the continuation of the former literati culture of entertainment in Shanghai. They not only formed an alliance with the emerging merchant class, but also opened up a distinctive commercial entertainment culture. This is a betrayal of culture in the view of the traditional literati. It also refects the contradiction and helplessness of their identity in the changing environment of the Shanghai concession.