历史文化名城中文物建筑的价值研究——以《潮州老城古民居建筑群文物保护规划》为例

A RESEARCH ON THE VALUES OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE IN HISTORIC CITIES: A CASE STUDY OF CONSERVATION PLANNING OF THE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CLUSTERS IN OLD TOWN CHAOZHOU

近年来文物保护规划强调以价值为规划核心,文物的认定及保护均是基于价值的判断,以价值评估为核心,在此基础上认定文物构成及保护对象,并对其提出合理的保护、利用及管理措施。文物建筑在历史文化名城中的地位和作用,也是基于对其价值的认知。历史文化名城规划工作通常着眼于名城整体及对历史文化街区的保护,文物建筑的保护和价值评估并非其重点工作,然而文物建筑是其构成的重要因子,对于其价值认知是对名城理解的重要构成。因此对于文物建筑的价值研究,既要基于文物建筑本身价值研究,也要发掘其在名城中的地位和作用。本文以《潮州老城古民居建筑群文物保护规划》为例,在详翔实的现场调研的基础上,结合相关研究,探索、记录常住民的历史文化,发掘与串联历史资源,从历史信息、建筑本体及城市史三方面,挖掘古民居建筑群的价值,以此作为保护规划的重要参照。

In recent years, conservation planning has laid emphasis on the concept of value. The recognition and conservation of cultural relics are based on value estimation and value analysis, by which potential objective of protection is identified and determined. These objectives are accordingly applied with adequate measures on protection, utilization and administration. The position of architectural heritage in the historic cities is grounded upon the perception of its value. The planning of historic cities often highlights their integrity with specific attention to historic areas, which on the other hand hardly regards value estimation as an essential task, however, architectural heritage should be considered as a crucial component of the cities, since the value estimation of such heritage significantly contributes to the understanding of historic cities. Therefore, the research on the values of architectural heritage should include not only the value of the relics themselves but also their positions in the historic cities. Taking Conservation Planning of Residential Building Clusters in Old Town Chaozhou as an example, this paper is aimed at searching and linking historical resources, which are recorded by investigating traditional cultural lives of natives in accordance with sufficient on-site survey and study; moreover, it reveals the value of old residential building clusters through the perspectives of historical information, building entity and city history, in order to guide the conservation planning.