云南省文山州马传染性贫血流行历史与现状调查

Investigation on Epidemic History and Current Situation of Equine Infectious Anemia(EIA) in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province

为有效评估云南省文山州马传染性贫血防控效果,文山州动物疫病预防控制中心于2014—2016年,采用查阅历史档案资料、实地入户调查、实验室检测等方法,对文山州马传染性贫血的流行历史与现状进行了调查。调查表明,文山州从1978年起全面开展马传染性贫血监测净化工作,并根据马传染性贫血的流行特点,应用流行病学调查、现场采样、实验室检测、扑杀净化、无害化处理等行之有效的综合防控措施,成功阻止了马传染性贫血在文山州的传播、扩散与流行。近几年来,经过系统地流行病学调查和监测,未发现当地存在马传染性贫血的证据,证实文山州已消灭该病。成功经验为:一是流行病学调查全面、细致;二是采样工作科学,做到了重点采样与随机抽样的有机结合;三是实验室检测使用标准方法、可靠试剂;四是阳性畜的扑杀与无害化处理及时、彻底;五是严格控制马属动物移动。

In order to evaluate the effect of prevention and control of Equine infectious anemia EIA in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan province,epidemic history and current situation of EIA were investigated by several methods,including consulting to historical archives,carrying out field household survey and laboratory test,and so on,by Wenshan Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center from 2014 to 2016. The survey results showed that the prevalence of EIA in Wenshan Prefecture had been controlled successfully by comprehensive measures of epidemiological investigation,field sampling,laboratory detection,culling and purification,bio-safety disposal since monitoring puriflcation work of EIA was carried out in 1978,according to the epidemic characteristics of EIA. In recent years,no local case EIA was found by systematic epidemiological investigation and surveillance,which proved that EIA has been eradicated in Wenshan Prefecture. The successful experiences were as followedFirstly,the epidemiological investigation was comprehensive and detailed. Secondly,the sampling work was scientiflc,and the combination of key sampling and random sampling was done well. Thirdly,the laboratory test was carried out by standard methods and reliable reagent. Fourthly,the culling and bio-safety disposal of the positive animals were timely and thorough. Fifthly,the movement of equine was controlled strictly.