乙烯利对桔梗生长发育、产量和品质影响的研究

Effects of Ethephon on Growth,Development,Yield and Quality of Platycodon grandiflorum

田间试验研究了叶面喷施乙烯利对桔梗生长发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施乙烯利能有效缩短节间距,降低株高,从而提高桔梗抗倒伏能力;但对茎粗和分枝数影响不显著。随喷施乙烯利浓度的升高,桔梗产量呈上升趋势,喷施0.05%乙烯利的桔梗产量最高,0.07%次之,两者间差异不显著,但显著高于其它处理;喷施0.07%乙烯利的桔梗蛋白质、总皂苷、皂苷-D含量分别比对照增加了3.9%、15.8%、49.1%,水溶性浸出物和可溶性糖含量分别降低了9.0%和4.4%。可见,乙烯利对桔梗品质的调控具有浓度依赖性。综合考虑桔梗产量和品质,叶面喷施0.07%乙烯利效果最佳。

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliage spraying ethephon on growth,yield and quality of Platycodon grandiflorum. The results showed that foliage spraying ethephon could effectively reduce the internodal distance and plant height,thereby improve the lodging-resistance ability.While its effects on stem diameter and branching number were not significant. With the increase of ethephon concentration,the yield of P. grandiflorum exhibited increasing trend. The yield of P. grandiflorum treated by 0. 05% ethephon was the highest,followed by 0. 07% ethephon treatment. There was no significant difference between 0. 05% and 0. 07% ethephon treatment,whose yield were both significantly higher than those of other treatments. When foliage spraying 0. 07% ethephon,the contents of protein,total saponins and saponin-D increased by 3. 9%,15. 8% and 49. 1%,while the contents of water-soluble extracts and soluble sugar decreased by 9. 0% and 4. 4% respectively compared with the control. This suggested that the effects of ethephon on P. grandiflorum slowed concentration-dependent. Considering the yield and quality,0. 07% ethephon was the best concentration to P. grandiflorum.