利用核桃青皮渣为主料制备生物有机肥及在葡萄上的应用

Preparation of Bio-organic Fertilizer with Green Walnut Residues as Raw Materials and Its Application on Grape

以物理挤压后的核桃青皮渣为原料,配以不同比例的食用菌菌渣和草木灰,接种不同微生物菌剂后,通过发酵处理,制备核桃青皮生物有机肥。设置两因素(物料配比、微生物菌剂)3水平正交试验,共计9个处理,进行堆肥发酵,完全腐熟后,分析不同处理生物有机肥的各项指标。结果表明:核桃青皮渣在原料中所占比例在40%~60%范围内,均有较好的发酵效果,各处理发酵后的有机肥有效活菌总数>1.1×108cfu/g、有机质含量>64%、总养分含量(N+P2O5+K2O)>5%,均符合且优于生物有机肥行业(NY525—2012)标准,其中0.1%固体混合发酵菌剂B2组的A1B2、A2B2和A3B2处理组合发酵速度快、周期短,完成堆肥发酵总时间仅需23~25 d,且各项指标优于其它处理。田间肥效试验结果显示,A1B2、A2B2和A3B2基施肥处理的葡萄树体各项生理指标优于混合农家肥处理,与常规生物有机肥无显著性差异。

Taking green walnut residues after physical extrusion as raw materials,together with different proportions of edible fungi slags and ashes,the bio-organic fertilizer was prepared by inoculating with different microbial agents in fermentation process. In this study,the orthogonal test with two factors( material ratio and microbial agent) and three levels was set up. A total of 9 treatments were made to conduct composting fermentation. After the bio-organic fertilizer completely ripened,each index of different treatments were analyzed. The results showed that when the proportion of green walnut residues accounted for 40% ~ 60% in the raw materials,the effect of fermentation was better with a total of over 1. 1 × 108 cfu/g effective bacteria,over64% organic matter content and a total of over 5% nutrient( N + P2 O5+ K2 O),which were consistent with and even better than the standards of bio-organic fertilizer industry( NY525-2012). Among them,the A1 B2,A2 B2 and A3 B2 treatment groups with 0. 1% solid mixed-fermenting agent B2 had fast fermentation rate and short cycle. The composting fermentation completed in 23 ~ 25 days and the indicators were all better than other treatments. The results of field fertilizer experiment indicated that each physiological index of grape body in basal application of A1 B2,A2 B2 and A3 B2 treatments was better than that of mixed farmyard manuretreatment,and had no significant difference with conventional biological organic fertilizer treatment.