大塑性变形工艺制备纳米晶过饱和固溶体的研究进展

Preparation of Nanocrystalline Supersaturated Solid Solution by Severe Plastic Deformation:a Review

合金在大塑性变形过程中能够形成纳米晶过饱和固溶体,呈现出不同于传统粗晶材料的微观结构和独特性能。近年来,纳米晶过饱和固溶体的形成机制及其热稳定性已成为国内外的一个研究热点。综述了大塑性变形工艺(如机械合金化法、高压扭转法等)制备纳米晶过饱和固溶体的研究概况,着重讨论分析了大塑性变形诱导纳米晶形成和固溶度扩展的几种机制及其局限性,简要介绍了纳米晶过饱和固溶体的热稳定性及其影响因素,最后对该领域今后的研究方向做出了分析和展望。

Nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solution can be produced by severe plastic deformation（SPD）techniques,which exhibits the unusual microstructure and properties compared with the coarse grain materials.In recent years,the formation mechanism and thermal stability of nanocrystalline solid solutions have been extensively studied.In this paper,the progress on the preparations of the nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solutions by SPD techniques（such as mechanical alloying,high pressure torsion,etc.）is reviewed.The formation mechanisms of nanocrystalline grains and the theories of the solid solution extension are mainly discussed.The thermal stability of the nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solution is also introduced.Moreover,the method to improve the current understanding is suggested briefly.