周口市近50年气候变化特征及对农业生产的影响

Characteristics of climate change and its impacts on agricultural production in Zhoukou in recent 50 years

根据周口市1966—2016年的逐年平均气温、降水、日照等气象资料,对周口市近50年的气候变化特征进行统计分析。结果表明:近50年来周口市年平均气温呈逐步上升的趋势,特别是20世纪90年代后期至21世纪00年代中期,气温升高明显;春、冬季平均气温上升趋势较为明显,夏季呈降温趋势。年降水总量整体呈小幅上升趋势,春季降水量呈减少趋势,夏、秋、冬季均呈上升趋势,尤其是夏季最为明显,且对全年降水影响显著。年照时数呈明显减少的趋势,四季中,除春季日照时数减少趋势略小,其他季节减少趋势均较大。同时分析了气候变化对农业生产的利弊影响,并提出相应的措施,为合理利用当地气候资源提供科学依据。

Based on the 50 year average temperature,precipitation,sunshine and other meteorological data of Zhoukou city from 1966 to 2016,the climatic change characteristics of Zhoukou in recent years were statistically analyzed.The results showed that,over the past 50 years,Zhoukou City,the average annual temperature was gradually rising trend.Especially in the late 1990 s to the mid-21 st century,the temperature rises significantly; The average temperature rise in spring and winter was more obvious,summer was cooling trend.The total annual precipitation showed a slight upward trend,Spring precipitation showed a decreasing trend,The summer,autumn and winter showed an upward trend.Especially the summer was the most obvious,and had a significant impact on the annual rainfall.When the number of years as a decreasing trend,in addition to the four seasons,spring sunshine duration decreased slightly,the other seasons were larger decline.At the same time,the advantages and disadvantages of climate change on agricultural production were analyzed,and the corresponding measures were put forward to provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization of local climate resources.